<p>We study a stochastic <span>pde</span> model for an evolving set <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="205_2025_2124_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="21" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="86" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mathbb {M}({t})\subseteq {\mathbb {R}}^{\textrm{d}+1}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">M</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>⊆</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mtext>d</mtext> <mo>+</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> that resembles a continuum version of origin-excited or reinforced random walk (Benjamini and Wilson in Electron Commun Probab 8:86–92, 2003; Davis in Probab Theory Relat Fields 84(2):203–229, 1990; Kosygina and Zerner in Bull Inst Math Acad Sinica (N.S.) 8(1):105–157, 2013; Kozma in Oberwolfach Rep 27:1552, 2007; Kozma in: European congress of mathematics. European Mathematical Society, Zurich, 429–443, 2013). We show that long-time fluctuations of an associated height function are given by a regularized Kardar–Parisi–Zhang (<span>kpz</span>)-type <span>pde</span> on a hypersurface in <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="205_2025_2124_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="17" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="34" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({\mathbb {R}}^{\textrm{d}+1}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mtext>d</mtext> <mo>+</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, modulated by a Dirichlet-to-Neumann operator. We also show that, for <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="205_2025_2124_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="15" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="69" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\textrm{d}+1=2\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mtext>d</mtext> <mo>+</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>=</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, the regularization in this <span>kpz</span>-type equation can be removed after renormalization. To the best of our knowledge, this gives the first instance of <span>kpz</span>-type behavior in Laplacian growth, which investigated (for somewhat different models) in Parisi and Zheng (Phys Rev Lett 53:1791, 1984), Ramirez and Sidoravicius (J Eur Math Soc 6(3):293–334, 2004).</p>

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kpz-Type Equation from Growth Driven by a Non-Markovian Diffusion

  • Amir Dembo,
  • Kevin Yang

摘要

We study a stochastic pde model for an evolving set \(\mathbb {M}({t})\subseteq {\mathbb {R}}^{\textrm{d}+1}\) M ( t ) R d + 1 that resembles a continuum version of origin-excited or reinforced random walk (Benjamini and Wilson in Electron Commun Probab 8:86–92, 2003; Davis in Probab Theory Relat Fields 84(2):203–229, 1990; Kosygina and Zerner in Bull Inst Math Acad Sinica (N.S.) 8(1):105–157, 2013; Kozma in Oberwolfach Rep 27:1552, 2007; Kozma in: European congress of mathematics. European Mathematical Society, Zurich, 429–443, 2013). We show that long-time fluctuations of an associated height function are given by a regularized Kardar–Parisi–Zhang (kpz)-type pde on a hypersurface in \({\mathbb {R}}^{\textrm{d}+1}\) R d + 1 , modulated by a Dirichlet-to-Neumann operator. We also show that, for \(\textrm{d}+1=2\) d + 1 = 2 , the regularization in this kpz-type equation can be removed after renormalization. To the best of our knowledge, this gives the first instance of kpz-type behavior in Laplacian growth, which investigated (for somewhat different models) in Parisi and Zheng (Phys Rev Lett 53:1791, 1984), Ramirez and Sidoravicius (J Eur Math Soc 6(3):293–334, 2004).