<p>We prove that <i>p</i>-harmonic systems with antisymmetric potentials of the form <Equation ID="Equ363"> <MediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="205_2025_2085_Article_Equ363.gif" Format="GIF" Height="33" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="386" /> </MediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\begin{aligned} -\,\text{ div }\left( (1+|\nabla u|^2)^{\frac{p}{2}-1}\,\nabla u\right) =(1+|\nabla u|^2)^{\frac{p}{2}-1}\,\Omega \cdot \nabla u, \end{aligned}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="right"> <mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> <mspace width="0.333333em" /> <mtext>div</mtext> <mspace width="0.333333em" /> <mfenced close=")" open="("> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>+</mo> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">∇</mi> <mi>u</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mfrac> <mi>p</mi> <mn>2</mn> </mfrac> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> <mi mathvariant="normal">∇</mi> <mi>u</mi> </mfenced> <mo>=</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>+</mo> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">∇</mi> <mi>u</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mfrac> <mi>p</mi> <mn>2</mn> </mfrac> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mo>·</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">∇</mi> <mi>u</mi> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </Equation>(<InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="205_2025_2085_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="13" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\Omega \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is antisymmetric) can be written in divergence form as a conservation law <Equation ID="Equ364"> <MediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="205_2025_2085_Article_Equ364.gif" Format="GIF" Height="33" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="319" /> </MediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\begin{aligned} -\text{ div }\left( (1+|\nabla u|^2)^{\frac{p}{2}-1}\,A\,\nabla u\right) =\nabla ^\perp B\cdot \nabla u. \end{aligned}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="right"> <mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mspace width="0.333333em" /> <mtext>div</mtext> <mspace width="0.333333em" /> <mfenced close=")" open="("> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>+</mo> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">∇</mi> <mi>u</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mfrac> <mi>p</mi> <mn>2</mn> </mfrac> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> <mi>A</mi> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> <mi mathvariant="normal">∇</mi> <mi>u</mi> </mfenced> <mo>=</mo> <msup> <mi mathvariant="normal">∇</mi> <mo>⊥</mo> </msup> <mi>B</mi> <mo>·</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">∇</mi> <mi>u</mi> <mo>.</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </Equation>This extends to the <i>p</i>-harmonic framework the original work of the second author for <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="205_2025_2085_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="41" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(p=2\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>p</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> (see Rivière in Invent Math 168(1):1–22, 2007). We give applications of the existence of this divergence structure in the analysis <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="205_2025_2085_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="46" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(p\rightarrow 2\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>p</mi> <mo stretchy="false">→</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>.</p>

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Conservation Laws for p-Harmonic Systems with Antisymmetric Potentials and Applications

  • Francesca Da Lio,
  • Tristan Rivière

摘要

We prove that p-harmonic systems with antisymmetric potentials of the form \(\begin{aligned} -\,\text{ div }\left( (1+|\nabla u|^2)^{\frac{p}{2}-1}\,\nabla u\right) =(1+|\nabla u|^2)^{\frac{p}{2}-1}\,\Omega \cdot \nabla u, \end{aligned}\) - div ( 1 + | u | 2 ) p 2 - 1 u = ( 1 + | u | 2 ) p 2 - 1 Ω · u , ( \(\Omega \) Ω is antisymmetric) can be written in divergence form as a conservation law \(\begin{aligned} -\text{ div }\left( (1+|\nabla u|^2)^{\frac{p}{2}-1}\,A\,\nabla u\right) =\nabla ^\perp B\cdot \nabla u. \end{aligned}\) - div ( 1 + | u | 2 ) p 2 - 1 A u = B · u . This extends to the p-harmonic framework the original work of the second author for \(p=2\) p = 2 (see Rivière in Invent Math 168(1):1–22, 2007). We give applications of the existence of this divergence structure in the analysis \(p\rightarrow 2\) p 2 .