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<p><i>Sclerotinia sclerotiorum</i> is a destructive necrotrophic pathogen causing severe stem rot disease in <i>Brassica juncea</i> worldwide. Despite its importance, the transcriptional determinants which determine isolate-specific aggressiveness levels in <i>S. sclerotiorum</i> remain sparsely understood. To understand this, a total of 65 <i>S. sclerotiorum</i> isolates were screened for their aggressiveness determination using detached stem assay in <i>Brassica juncea</i>. Based on detach stem assay, a comparative transcriptome analysis of two isolates with contrasting aggressiveness, Iso-26 (highly aggressive) and Iso-13 (low aggressive) was performed at 24&#xa0;h post inoculation (hpi) and 48 hpi. Pathway enrichment analysis revealed that aggressiveness levels were strongly associated with activation of pathways related to metabolism, biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, carbon metabolism, amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism, tryptophan metabolism, pyruvate metabolism, and pentose and glucuronate inter-conversions during early infection (24 hpi). Notably, these pathways were more diverse, persistent, and strongly enriched in Iso-26, indicating enhanced metabolic flexibility, energy production, nutrient acquisition contributing towards its higher aggressiveness. In contrast, in the low aggressive isolate (Iso-13) delayed activation and low enrichment of these pathways was observed which contributed towards its low aggressiveness. Profiling of long non-coding RNA also revealed isolate-specific regulatory networks primarily linked to metabolism, pentose and glucuronate inter-conversions, and tryptophan metabolism which were found to be activated early and strongly enriched in highly aggressive isolate. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that high aggressiveness in <i>S. sclerotiorum</i> isolates is driven by early, coordinated and sustained activation of diverse pathways. The study provides valuable target genes for further functional validation and utilization in imparting Sclerotinia stem rot resistance in <i>Brassica juncea</i>.</p>

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Comparative transcriptome analysis reveals underlying aggressiveness mechanisms of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum infecting Brassica juncea

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月7日

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  • Nitish Rattan Bhardwaj,
  • J. S. Kushveer,
  • Prashant Yadav,
  • Hariom Kumar Sharma,
  • Neeraj Budhlakoti,
  • Dwijesh C. Mishra,
  • Navin C. Gupta,
  • Pankaj Sharma,
  • Vijay Veer Singh

摘要

Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is a destructive necrotrophic pathogen causing severe stem rot disease in Brassica juncea worldwide. Despite its importance, the transcriptional determinants which determine isolate-specific aggressiveness levels in S. sclerotiorum remain sparsely understood. To understand this, a total of 65 S. sclerotiorum isolates were screened for their aggressiveness determination using detached stem assay in Brassica juncea. Based on detach stem assay, a comparative transcriptome analysis of two isolates with contrasting aggressiveness, Iso-26 (highly aggressive) and Iso-13 (low aggressive) was performed at 24 h post inoculation (hpi) and 48 hpi. Pathway enrichment analysis revealed that aggressiveness levels were strongly associated with activation of pathways related to metabolism, biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, carbon metabolism, amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism, tryptophan metabolism, pyruvate metabolism, and pentose and glucuronate inter-conversions during early infection (24 hpi). Notably, these pathways were more diverse, persistent, and strongly enriched in Iso-26, indicating enhanced metabolic flexibility, energy production, nutrient acquisition contributing towards its higher aggressiveness. In contrast, in the low aggressive isolate (Iso-13) delayed activation and low enrichment of these pathways was observed which contributed towards its low aggressiveness. Profiling of long non-coding RNA also revealed isolate-specific regulatory networks primarily linked to metabolism, pentose and glucuronate inter-conversions, and tryptophan metabolism which were found to be activated early and strongly enriched in highly aggressive isolate. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that high aggressiveness in S. sclerotiorum isolates is driven by early, coordinated and sustained activation of diverse pathways. The study provides valuable target genes for further functional validation and utilization in imparting Sclerotinia stem rot resistance in Brassica juncea.