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<p>The AC distributed generation system (DGS) typically requires a bidirectional DC–AC converter to interface the battery with the common AC bus. However, such system inherently generates second-harmonic current on the DC side, which may degrade the battery lifetime; meanwhile, bulky buffering components would reduce the power density. To address this issue, this paper proposes a single-stage bidirectional DC–AC converter for battery applications, employing an active power decoupling-based unipolar phase-shifted sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SPWM) control strategy. The operational principle involves rectifying the sinusoidal pulse width position modulation (SPWPM) waveform from the high-frequency (HF) transformer into SPWM pulses during either the positive or negative half-cycle via a cycloconverter circuit. By analyzing the rising and falling slopes of the decoupling inductor current, real-time duty cycle allocation of the power decoupling bridge arm switches is implemented, which effectively suppresses the second harmonic current. Additionally, design criteria for the decoupling capacitor and inductor are derived in detail. Experimental results from a 1&#xa0;kVA 96&#xa0;V DC/220&#xa0;V 50&#xa0;Hz AC hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) platform validate the performance of the converter, which features single-stage power conversion, low DC-side second harmonic current distortion, high-frequency electrical isolation, and high-quality grid-connected current. These findings provide a solution for battery-integrated AC DGS and electric vehicle charging/discharging interfaces.</p>

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Single-stage bidirectional DC–AC converter and its input current ripple suppression for battery energy storage systems

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月13日

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  • Hanchao Zeng,
  • Zhenzhao Jiang,
  • Jianhong Xie,
  • Qiang Zhang,
  • Damin Zhang

摘要

The AC distributed generation system (DGS) typically requires a bidirectional DC–AC converter to interface the battery with the common AC bus. However, such system inherently generates second-harmonic current on the DC side, which may degrade the battery lifetime; meanwhile, bulky buffering components would reduce the power density. To address this issue, this paper proposes a single-stage bidirectional DC–AC converter for battery applications, employing an active power decoupling-based unipolar phase-shifted sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SPWM) control strategy. The operational principle involves rectifying the sinusoidal pulse width position modulation (SPWPM) waveform from the high-frequency (HF) transformer into SPWM pulses during either the positive or negative half-cycle via a cycloconverter circuit. By analyzing the rising and falling slopes of the decoupling inductor current, real-time duty cycle allocation of the power decoupling bridge arm switches is implemented, which effectively suppresses the second harmonic current. Additionally, design criteria for the decoupling capacitor and inductor are derived in detail. Experimental results from a 1 kVA 96 V DC/220 V 50 Hz AC hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) platform validate the performance of the converter, which features single-stage power conversion, low DC-side second harmonic current distortion, high-frequency electrical isolation, and high-quality grid-connected current. These findings provide a solution for battery-integrated AC DGS and electric vehicle charging/discharging interfaces.