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<p>Electric railway vehicles operate with various nonlinear loads, leading to load fluctuations and harmonic distortions that degrade power quality. This study proposes an active load control system to address load imbalance and harmonic distortion in AC electric railway systems using Scott transformers. The proposed system employs a bidirectional three-level neutral-point-clamped (NPC) back-to-back converter and a control strategy that balances the power between the M-phase and T-phase of the Scott transformer while simultaneously compensating reactive power and mitigating harmonics. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed system, a railway power supply system including a three-phase network and Scott transformer was simulated, followed by hardware implementation and experimental verification. The experimental results show that the proposed system reduces the load imbalance ratio to 1.5% and significantly improves the balance of three-phase currents. In addition, the total harmonic distortion (THD) is reduced by up to 39.89%, with an average reduction of 20.34%, demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed approach.</p>

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Active load control system for power quality improvement in AC railway power grids

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月3日

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  • Hyo Seok Oh,
  • Jae Moon Kim

摘要

Electric railway vehicles operate with various nonlinear loads, leading to load fluctuations and harmonic distortions that degrade power quality. This study proposes an active load control system to address load imbalance and harmonic distortion in AC electric railway systems using Scott transformers. The proposed system employs a bidirectional three-level neutral-point-clamped (NPC) back-to-back converter and a control strategy that balances the power between the M-phase and T-phase of the Scott transformer while simultaneously compensating reactive power and mitigating harmonics. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed system, a railway power supply system including a three-phase network and Scott transformer was simulated, followed by hardware implementation and experimental verification. The experimental results show that the proposed system reduces the load imbalance ratio to 1.5% and significantly improves the balance of three-phase currents. In addition, the total harmonic distortion (THD) is reduced by up to 39.89%, with an average reduction of 20.34%, demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed approach.