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<p>Transformers are critical power system components, whose reliability largely relies on efficient fluid and solid insulation. Classically, mineral oil (MO), derived from petroleum, has been utilized for its dual function of cooling and insulating. Yet, increasing environmental issues and fossil resource depletion are speeding up the quest for renewable substitutes like natural ester-based fluids. Vegetable oils such as corn oil (CO) are promising candidates because of their biodegradability and good dielectric properties, yet they have the limitation of high kinematic viscosity that hinders their implementation in practice. In this research, blended insulating oils are formulated by mixing MO, CO, and antioxidants to improve both thermal and electrical performance. The samples of oils were tested for two weeks at ambient temperature, 60&#xa0;°C, and 90&#xa0;°C based on IEC and ASTM testing protocols. The principal performance parameters such as breakdown voltage (BDV), flash point, fire point, kinematic viscosity, heating value, and density were measured systematically. The findings indicate that the blended oils and antioxidant-added formulations possess BDV values of 31&#xa0;kV and 42&#xa0;kV, respectively, compared to traditional mineral oil (26&#xa0;kV and 35&#xa0;kV). Besides, viscosity was reduced with rising temperature, enhancing fluidity, and cooling performance. Of the three blend models examined, carefully chosen formulations displayed a synergistic increase in dielectric strength, thermal stability, and flow characteristics, rendering excellent candidates for future transformer insulation fluids. This research improves our knowledge in environmentally benign, high-performance insulation fluids for current power systems.</p>

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Performance evaluation of blended mineral and corn oil-based insulating fluids with antioxidants for power transformer applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月9日

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  • Karthikeyan Ganesan,
  • Gowthama Kannan Achiammal,
  • Suresh Muthusamy,
  • Kohila Jeyaraj

摘要

Transformers are critical power system components, whose reliability largely relies on efficient fluid and solid insulation. Classically, mineral oil (MO), derived from petroleum, has been utilized for its dual function of cooling and insulating. Yet, increasing environmental issues and fossil resource depletion are speeding up the quest for renewable substitutes like natural ester-based fluids. Vegetable oils such as corn oil (CO) are promising candidates because of their biodegradability and good dielectric properties, yet they have the limitation of high kinematic viscosity that hinders their implementation in practice. In this research, blended insulating oils are formulated by mixing MO, CO, and antioxidants to improve both thermal and electrical performance. The samples of oils were tested for two weeks at ambient temperature, 60 °C, and 90 °C based on IEC and ASTM testing protocols. The principal performance parameters such as breakdown voltage (BDV), flash point, fire point, kinematic viscosity, heating value, and density were measured systematically. The findings indicate that the blended oils and antioxidant-added formulations possess BDV values of 31 kV and 42 kV, respectively, compared to traditional mineral oil (26 kV and 35 kV). Besides, viscosity was reduced with rising temperature, enhancing fluidity, and cooling performance. Of the three blend models examined, carefully chosen formulations displayed a synergistic increase in dielectric strength, thermal stability, and flow characteristics, rendering excellent candidates for future transformer insulation fluids. This research improves our knowledge in environmentally benign, high-performance insulation fluids for current power systems.