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<p>To avoid the inherent contradiction between single- and dual-ended protection, this paper proposes a novel protection scheme based on line-mode current time warp edit distance (TWED), addressing the insensitivity of single-ended protection for flexible DC lines under high-resistance faults and the susceptibility of dual-ended protection to interference. First, the directional and magnitude characteristics of the initial traveling wave of the line-mode current during internal and external faults are analyzed, and the fault current is fitted using the Levenberg–Marquardt method. Next, wavelet modulus maxima and wavelet denoising are applied for data filtering and preprocessing of the current signal. Then, the TWED between the line-mode current at the sending end and the fitted current is used to identify internal non-high-resistance faults, while the TWED between the line-mode current at the receiving end and the fitted current is used to identify internal high-resistance faults, with input parameters optimized offline using the Parrot Optimizer (PO). Finally, experiments demonstrate that the proposed scheme can accurately identify internal and external faults, is unaffected by distributed capacitance, and can withstand high resistance up to 1000&#xa0;Ω, 15&#xa0;dB noise, and 20% data anomalies.</p>

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A novel protection scheme for HVDC transmission lines based on line-mode current time warp edit distance

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月13日

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  • Xiaochen Hu,
  • Dahai Zhang,
  • Pinghao Ni,
  • Jinghan He,
  • Jintao Shi,
  • Jiahong Lai

摘要

To avoid the inherent contradiction between single- and dual-ended protection, this paper proposes a novel protection scheme based on line-mode current time warp edit distance (TWED), addressing the insensitivity of single-ended protection for flexible DC lines under high-resistance faults and the susceptibility of dual-ended protection to interference. First, the directional and magnitude characteristics of the initial traveling wave of the line-mode current during internal and external faults are analyzed, and the fault current is fitted using the Levenberg–Marquardt method. Next, wavelet modulus maxima and wavelet denoising are applied for data filtering and preprocessing of the current signal. Then, the TWED between the line-mode current at the sending end and the fitted current is used to identify internal non-high-resistance faults, while the TWED between the line-mode current at the receiving end and the fitted current is used to identify internal high-resistance faults, with input parameters optimized offline using the Parrot Optimizer (PO). Finally, experiments demonstrate that the proposed scheme can accurately identify internal and external faults, is unaffected by distributed capacitance, and can withstand high resistance up to 1000 Ω, 15 dB noise, and 20% data anomalies.