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<p>Nowadays, electrical power systems require a high quality of electrical power due to an increase in electrical demand and the development of devices having nonlinear loads. The consequences of this are an increase in complications for the power system network, overloading of the grids, and the need to improve the power handling capabilities of the transmission lines to maintain the grid’s stability. The existing AC transmission system can be utilized in the best way by using flexible AC transmission system (FACTS) devices. Among the group of FACTS devices, the most powerful FACTS device is one that can simultaneously regulate the impedance of the transmission line, bus voltages, and transmission angle. The FACTS device distributed power flow controller (DPFC) can control these parameters simultaneously with high redundancy, consistency, and minimal cost. The DPFC consists of single parallel converters, along with a number of independent single-phase converters connected in series in conjunction with the line. The DPFC has three forms of controllers, which are the series controller, shunt controller, and central controller. This paper provides an overview of different types of methodology used in the three controllers of the DPFC, supplementary and adaptive control used during DPFC shunt and series converter failure, the behavior of the DPFC system during balanced and unbalanced fault conditions, different mathematical modeling of the DPFC, and the power oscillations damping of the controller of the DPFC. This review covers more than 160 papers on the control and operation of DPFC. Lastly, the key findings of the DPFC, as well as future research, are also discussed.</p>

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An overview of the operation and control of distributed power flow controller

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月1日

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  • Santosh Kumar Gupta,
  • Sanjeev Kumar Mallik,
  • Ashish Ranjan,
  • Mrinal Ranjan

摘要

Nowadays, electrical power systems require a high quality of electrical power due to an increase in electrical demand and the development of devices having nonlinear loads. The consequences of this are an increase in complications for the power system network, overloading of the grids, and the need to improve the power handling capabilities of the transmission lines to maintain the grid’s stability. The existing AC transmission system can be utilized in the best way by using flexible AC transmission system (FACTS) devices. Among the group of FACTS devices, the most powerful FACTS device is one that can simultaneously regulate the impedance of the transmission line, bus voltages, and transmission angle. The FACTS device distributed power flow controller (DPFC) can control these parameters simultaneously with high redundancy, consistency, and minimal cost. The DPFC consists of single parallel converters, along with a number of independent single-phase converters connected in series in conjunction with the line. The DPFC has three forms of controllers, which are the series controller, shunt controller, and central controller. This paper provides an overview of different types of methodology used in the three controllers of the DPFC, supplementary and adaptive control used during DPFC shunt and series converter failure, the behavior of the DPFC system during balanced and unbalanced fault conditions, different mathematical modeling of the DPFC, and the power oscillations damping of the controller of the DPFC. This review covers more than 160 papers on the control and operation of DPFC. Lastly, the key findings of the DPFC, as well as future research, are also discussed.