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<p>In response to the multi-physics anomalies observed in nearby grid-grounded transformers caused by urban subway stray currents, an electromagnetic–mechanical–acoustic coupling model of transformer for analyzing multi-field characteristics is developed in this study. Through simulations of multivariate spatial–temporal characteristics under different operating modes, a multivariate characteristic database is established. Systematic analysis reveals the propagation laws of magnetic flux, mechanical stress, vibration, and noise in typical scenarios, along with their coupling mechanisms. Comparative studies demonstrate that while both DC and time-varying components of stray current induce similar interference effects, the latter introduces more complex temporal fluctuations in multi-field parameters. Experimental validation confirms the model's accuracy through vibration/noise measurements under different interference conditions. Building upon the multivariate characteristic database, mode-state spaces are established with a classification of four operational risk domains. This enables formulation of instability criteria, providing a decision-making foundation for anomaly identification and state evaluation of urban power grid transformers exposed to rail transit stray current interference.</p>

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Multi-field coupling characteristics of transformers under subway stray current intrusion

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月12日

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  • Jingge An,
  • Chao Pan,
  • Xiaobo Shi

摘要

In response to the multi-physics anomalies observed in nearby grid-grounded transformers caused by urban subway stray currents, an electromagnetic–mechanical–acoustic coupling model of transformer for analyzing multi-field characteristics is developed in this study. Through simulations of multivariate spatial–temporal characteristics under different operating modes, a multivariate characteristic database is established. Systematic analysis reveals the propagation laws of magnetic flux, mechanical stress, vibration, and noise in typical scenarios, along with their coupling mechanisms. Comparative studies demonstrate that while both DC and time-varying components of stray current induce similar interference effects, the latter introduces more complex temporal fluctuations in multi-field parameters. Experimental validation confirms the model's accuracy through vibration/noise measurements under different interference conditions. Building upon the multivariate characteristic database, mode-state spaces are established with a classification of four operational risk domains. This enables formulation of instability criteria, providing a decision-making foundation for anomaly identification and state evaluation of urban power grid transformers exposed to rail transit stray current interference.