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<p>This paper conducts an analysis of techno-economic-enviro-socio aspects of an Autonomous Unified Distributed Generation (AUDG) system for supplying electricity to a rural area in India. An optimal model of AUDG following forecasted load (FL) is developed with zero unmet loads and capacity shortage, low cost of energy, carbon emission, excess electricity, fuel consumption, and optimal sizing of components for an optimal yearly balance of supply and demand powers. To improve the techno-economic-enviro (TEE) performance of AUDG, an off-line load scheduling algorithm (OLSA) is proposed for scheduling time-moveable loads based on available excess energy while considering customer comfort violation, customer behavior uncertainty, and load schedule complexity. The TEE aspects of the AUDG model are analyzed with FL, deferrable load (DL), and OLSA. The analysis shows that the AUDG model with OLSA offers a reduction in energy cost (2.30%), annualized cost (3.49%), fuel consumption (3.46%), carbon emissions (3.45%), BAT losses (3.77%), total net present cost (2.24%), improvement in frequency stability, BAT life (3.81%), diesel generators (DGs) life (12.19%), and methanol generator (MG) life (15.42%) as compared AUDG with FL. Further, to enhance the TEE performance of AUDG, an improved dispatch strategy (IDS) is developed that considers hourly variation in load demand, solar, and wind power output. The aforesaid AUDG model’s TEE performance is analyzed with OLSA and classical dispatch strategies. The results show that the AUDG model with OLSA and IDS offers much improved TEE performance (reduction in COE (13.10%), TNPC (14.80%), ACS (16.83%), fuel consumption (37.12%), carbon emission (28.13%), excess electricity (21%), improvement in MG life (13.58%) and DG life (24.61%)) than the AUDG model with OLSA and generator order dispatch strategies. In the end, the social impact of AUDG in the rural area is analyzed at the domestic (saving in cooking cost is 28.54%), irrigation and fishery (saving in cost is 74.99%), community level (saving in cost is 72.20%), and for creating employment.</p>

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Techno-economic-enviro-socio analysis of autonomous unified distributed generation using load scheduling approach and dispatch strategies

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月13日

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  • Pawan Kumar Kushwaha,
  • Chayan Bhattacharjee,
  • Ajay Kumar Maurya

摘要

This paper conducts an analysis of techno-economic-enviro-socio aspects of an Autonomous Unified Distributed Generation (AUDG) system for supplying electricity to a rural area in India. An optimal model of AUDG following forecasted load (FL) is developed with zero unmet loads and capacity shortage, low cost of energy, carbon emission, excess electricity, fuel consumption, and optimal sizing of components for an optimal yearly balance of supply and demand powers. To improve the techno-economic-enviro (TEE) performance of AUDG, an off-line load scheduling algorithm (OLSA) is proposed for scheduling time-moveable loads based on available excess energy while considering customer comfort violation, customer behavior uncertainty, and load schedule complexity. The TEE aspects of the AUDG model are analyzed with FL, deferrable load (DL), and OLSA. The analysis shows that the AUDG model with OLSA offers a reduction in energy cost (2.30%), annualized cost (3.49%), fuel consumption (3.46%), carbon emissions (3.45%), BAT losses (3.77%), total net present cost (2.24%), improvement in frequency stability, BAT life (3.81%), diesel generators (DGs) life (12.19%), and methanol generator (MG) life (15.42%) as compared AUDG with FL. Further, to enhance the TEE performance of AUDG, an improved dispatch strategy (IDS) is developed that considers hourly variation in load demand, solar, and wind power output. The aforesaid AUDG model’s TEE performance is analyzed with OLSA and classical dispatch strategies. The results show that the AUDG model with OLSA and IDS offers much improved TEE performance (reduction in COE (13.10%), TNPC (14.80%), ACS (16.83%), fuel consumption (37.12%), carbon emission (28.13%), excess electricity (21%), improvement in MG life (13.58%) and DG life (24.61%)) than the AUDG model with OLSA and generator order dispatch strategies. In the end, the social impact of AUDG in the rural area is analyzed at the domestic (saving in cooking cost is 28.54%), irrigation and fishery (saving in cost is 74.99%), community level (saving in cost is 72.20%), and for creating employment.