<p>High penetration of Renewable Energy Resources (RESs) introduces numerous challenges into the Microgrids (MG), such as supply–demand imbalance, non-linear loads, voltage instability, etc. Hence, to address these issues, an effective control system is essential. Therefore, in this research work, a comprehensive review of different control strategies that are applied at different hierarchical levels (primary, secondary, and tertiary control levels) to accomplish different control objectives is presented. A main consideration is not only given to the advanced non-Artificial Intelligence (AI) based control techniques, but it also provides a detailed review of applications of AI based control techniques in an MG. Moreover, the highlights and recommendations regarding every level of hierarchy are presented. It can be concluded that to overcome the existing challenges and obtain the control objectives, more focus should be given to the AI based control strategies, as they enhance the control accuracy and efficiently address the system optimization concerns compared to traditional controllers.</p>