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<p>The electrical emulators for proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) are useful for saving resources and proposing optimization strategies when performing experimental voltage–current tests. These emulators can be based on equivalent circuit models (ECM) to reproduce the voltage response of a PEMFC during load changes. However, estimating the parameters of ECM is an issue that has led to complex estimation methods. For this reason, this work proposes a simple-to-implement parameter estimation method based on the Luenberger observer. Furthermore, the Luenberger observer allows the observation of the behavior of the activation and concentration voltages at the anode and cathode, which are difficult to measure in real operating conditions of the PEMFC. The demonstration of observer stability and experimental validation prove the efficiency and reliability of the proposed method. Finally, based on estimated parameters, the anode and cathode resistances are characterized as a function of the generated current from the PEMFC.</p>

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Estimation of PEMFC equivalent circuit model parameters via a Luenberger observer approach

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月17日

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  • Ángel Hernández-Gómez,
  • Diego Langarica-Cordoba,
  • Panfilo R. Martinez-Rodriguez,
  • Hernán González-Aguilar,
  • Damien Guilbert,
  • Luis Díaz-Saldierna

摘要

The electrical emulators for proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) are useful for saving resources and proposing optimization strategies when performing experimental voltage–current tests. These emulators can be based on equivalent circuit models (ECM) to reproduce the voltage response of a PEMFC during load changes. However, estimating the parameters of ECM is an issue that has led to complex estimation methods. For this reason, this work proposes a simple-to-implement parameter estimation method based on the Luenberger observer. Furthermore, the Luenberger observer allows the observation of the behavior of the activation and concentration voltages at the anode and cathode, which are difficult to measure in real operating conditions of the PEMFC. The demonstration of observer stability and experimental validation prove the efficiency and reliability of the proposed method. Finally, based on estimated parameters, the anode and cathode resistances are characterized as a function of the generated current from the PEMFC.