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<p>The growing adoption of renewable energy sources, particularly photovoltaic (PV) systems, has introduced new challenges in maintaining stable and efficient grid integration. In grid-tied PV system, one of the critical challenges is achieving precise voltage control, especially under varying environmental conditions. Conventional DC–DC converters often struggle with issues such as high voltage stress, inefficiency, and limited adaptability, particularly in scenarios requiring significant voltage gain. Thereby, this study presents a novel solution through the development of a three-winding coupled inductor-based interleaved DC–DC converter, optimized using a capuchin search algorithm tuned proportional–integral (CapSA-PI) controller. The converter is modeled to enhance voltage conversion efficiency, reduce component stress, and provide robust performance under dynamic conditions. The efficacy of the presented approach is validated through comprehensive MATLAB simulations and the implementation of laboratory prototype. The results demonstrate significant improvements, including an efficiency of 95.25% under constant operating conditions, a reduction in steady-state error to 0.1%, and an overshoot decrease to 1%. Additionally, the CapSA-PI controller outperforms conventional PI controllers, achieving a faster settling time of 0.3&#xa0;s. The converter maintains high efficiency even under temperature and irradiance variations, with values of 94.33% and 92.76%, respectively. Moreover, the converter also accomplishes a high voltage gain with minimum component stress. </p>

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Enhanced voltage control in grid-tied PV systems: a novel three-winding coupled inductor interleaved DC–DC converter with capuchin search algorithm optimized proportional–integral (CapSA-PI) controller

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月6日

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  • M. Raja Gandhi,
  • V. Suresh Kumar,
  • K. Kalaiselvi,
  • R. Mageswaran

摘要

The growing adoption of renewable energy sources, particularly photovoltaic (PV) systems, has introduced new challenges in maintaining stable and efficient grid integration. In grid-tied PV system, one of the critical challenges is achieving precise voltage control, especially under varying environmental conditions. Conventional DC–DC converters often struggle with issues such as high voltage stress, inefficiency, and limited adaptability, particularly in scenarios requiring significant voltage gain. Thereby, this study presents a novel solution through the development of a three-winding coupled inductor-based interleaved DC–DC converter, optimized using a capuchin search algorithm tuned proportional–integral (CapSA-PI) controller. The converter is modeled to enhance voltage conversion efficiency, reduce component stress, and provide robust performance under dynamic conditions. The efficacy of the presented approach is validated through comprehensive MATLAB simulations and the implementation of laboratory prototype. The results demonstrate significant improvements, including an efficiency of 95.25% under constant operating conditions, a reduction in steady-state error to 0.1%, and an overshoot decrease to 1%. Additionally, the CapSA-PI controller outperforms conventional PI controllers, achieving a faster settling time of 0.3 s. The converter maintains high efficiency even under temperature and irradiance variations, with values of 94.33% and 92.76%, respectively. Moreover, the converter also accomplishes a high voltage gain with minimum component stress.