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<p>We formulate three sets of axioms to measure inequality of opportunity. First, the basic axioms that any relative measure should satisfy. Second, axioms that capture the ex ante perspective, focusing on inequality between individuals with different circumstances. Third, axioms that capture the ex post perspective, focusing on inequality among individuals with the same responsibility characteristics. Based on these axioms, we characterize the ex ante and ex post classes of inequality of opportunity measures. We also discuss how well existing measures in the literature adhere to the axioms.</p>

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An axiomatic approach to the measurement of inequality of opportunity

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月18日

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  • Kristof Bosmans,
  • Z. Emel Öztürk

摘要

We formulate three sets of axioms to measure inequality of opportunity. First, the basic axioms that any relative measure should satisfy. Second, axioms that capture the ex ante perspective, focusing on inequality between individuals with different circumstances. Third, axioms that capture the ex post perspective, focusing on inequality among individuals with the same responsibility characteristics. Based on these axioms, we characterize the ex ante and ex post classes of inequality of opportunity measures. We also discuss how well existing measures in the literature adhere to the axioms.