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Introduction and Hypothesis <p>Evidence on single postpartum catheterization for preventing postpartum urinary retention (PUR) remains limited. We aimed to investigate the effectiveness of postpartum single catheterization in preventing PUR among parturients with early voiding failure (bladder volume ≥ 300 mL and inability to void spontaneously).</p> Methods <p>This retrospective cohort study used real-world data. Participants were allocated to the single catheterization group or non-catheterization group. Primary outcomes were PUR and need for indwelling catheterization. PUR was further analyzed according to its two subtypes: overt PUR and covert PUR. Secondary outcomes included spontaneous voiding and number of induced voiding attempts. Stabilized inverse probability of treatment weighting (sIPTW) adjusted for confounders. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were performed.</p> Results <p>Of 1637 screened parturients, 1316 were included (measurements within 3 h postpartum). Catheterized group 776 (59.0%); non-catheterized 540 (41.0%). After sIPTW, single catheterization was associated with lower risks of PUR (OR 0.47, 95% CI 0.36–0.61) and covert PUR (OR 0.40, 95% CI 0.30–0.53, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.001), but not with overt PUR, indwelling catheterization, spontaneous voiding, or number of induced voiding attempts (<i>P</i> &gt; 0.05). In a secondary analysis restricted to 2 h postpartum, single catheterization was associated with lower risks of PUR, covert PUR, indwelling catheterization (OR 0.57), and fewer induced voiding attempts (OR 0.79, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.05), but not with overt PUR or spontaneous voiding.</p> Conclusions <p>In parturients with early voiding failure, single catheterization within 3 h postpartum was associated with reduced PUR and covert PUR risk. Within 2 h, it was additionally associated with lower indwelling catheterization risk and fewer induced voiding attempts. These observational findings require prospective validation.</p>

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Single Catheterization for Preventing Postpartum Urinary Retention in Early Postpartum Voiding Failure: A Propensity Score-Based Study

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月24日

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  • Huating Chen,
  • Defeng Chen,
  • Yuyi Chen,
  • Shuai Yang,
  • Jing Hu,
  • Jun Lyu,
  • Taizhen Luo

摘要

Introduction and Hypothesis

Evidence on single postpartum catheterization for preventing postpartum urinary retention (PUR) remains limited. We aimed to investigate the effectiveness of postpartum single catheterization in preventing PUR among parturients with early voiding failure (bladder volume ≥ 300 mL and inability to void spontaneously).

Methods

This retrospective cohort study used real-world data. Participants were allocated to the single catheterization group or non-catheterization group. Primary outcomes were PUR and need for indwelling catheterization. PUR was further analyzed according to its two subtypes: overt PUR and covert PUR. Secondary outcomes included spontaneous voiding and number of induced voiding attempts. Stabilized inverse probability of treatment weighting (sIPTW) adjusted for confounders. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were performed.

Results

Of 1637 screened parturients, 1316 were included (measurements within 3 h postpartum). Catheterized group 776 (59.0%); non-catheterized 540 (41.0%). After sIPTW, single catheterization was associated with lower risks of PUR (OR 0.47, 95% CI 0.36–0.61) and covert PUR (OR 0.40, 95% CI 0.30–0.53, P < 0.001), but not with overt PUR, indwelling catheterization, spontaneous voiding, or number of induced voiding attempts (P > 0.05). In a secondary analysis restricted to 2 h postpartum, single catheterization was associated with lower risks of PUR, covert PUR, indwelling catheterization (OR 0.57), and fewer induced voiding attempts (OR 0.79, P < 0.05), but not with overt PUR or spontaneous voiding.

Conclusions

In parturients with early voiding failure, single catheterization within 3 h postpartum was associated with reduced PUR and covert PUR risk. Within 2 h, it was additionally associated with lower indwelling catheterization risk and fewer induced voiding attempts. These observational findings require prospective validation.