Introduction and Hypothesis <p>The posterior urethrovesical angle (PUVA) is larger in women with general stress urinary incontinence (SUI) than those without. We aimed to determine whether baseline PUVA or changes in PUVA after a treadmill run differ between runners with and without running-induced SUI (RI-SUI). Among runners with RI-SUI, we also compared those who leaked urine during a treadmill protocol and those who did not.</p> Methods <p>We recruited female runners with and without RI-SUI. Ultrasound imaging was used to measure bladder volume (BV) in supine (transabdominal) and PUVA in standing (transperineal), before and after a standardized treadmill run. Separate general linear models (α = 0.05) included PUVA as the dependent variable, time (pre- vs post-run) and group (continent vs incontinent) as independent variables, and baseline BV and PUVA, age and parity as covariates, first comparing runners with and without RI-SUI then, among runners with RI-SUI, comparing those who leaked urine and those who did not.</p> Results <p>Of the 96 participating runners, data from 85 (28 with RI-SUI, 57 without) were analyzed after excluding images with poor PUVA visualization. PUVA increased after running (continent 120.4 ± 15.8º to 125.6 ± 15.7º; RI-SUI 123.8 ± 15.6º to 127.0 ± 17.1º) with no significant between-group differences or interactions (time × group F(1,1) = 1.32, <i>p</i> = 0.25, partial η² = 0.016). There was no difference in PUVA or change in PUVA between those with RI-SUI who did and did not leak urine during the run.</p> Conclusions <p>Although proximal urethral support is reduced in women after a treadmill run, the PUVA does not appear to be independently associated with RI-SUI.</p>