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<p>Ultrasonic-assisted abrasive waterjet (UAAWJ) machining presents benefits including the absence of thermal damage to workpiece materials, preservation of their intrinsic mechanical properties, and broad applicability across diverse materials. When ultrasonic vibration is applied to the workpiece, the oscillating surface substantially alters the jet impact force at the impingement point. To investigate this variation, the flow field of the abrasive waterjet was numerically simulated using a dynamic mesh method. The results indicate that, upon the application of ultrasonic assistance, the jet velocity in the vicinity of the stagnation point exhibits periodic variations. The peak static pressure is attenuated, while the wall shear stress is enhanced with its effective range becoming more concentrated. The dynamic pressure exhibits a fluctuating trend away from the jet axis, which intensifies with increasing amplitude. Moreover, the abrasive particle concentration at the stagnation point is increased. Through impact force measurement experiments, the variation of the impact force signal after the application of ultrasonic vibration was analyzed. The time-domain signals indicate that the fluctuation amplitude of the impact force increases with rising ultrasonic amplitude. The frequency-domain signals reveal a critical value at approximately 900&#xa0;Hz: below this threshold, the number of peak frequencies increases, while above it, the peak amplitudes rise with increasing amplitude. Frequency-domain analysis of the numerical simulation results shows consistency with the experimental findings, both exhibiting a critical frequency threshold. Below this threshold, coupling between the ultrasonic vibration and the jet occurs at multiple frequencies; above it, the coupled frequency values are in close agreement with the experimental results. In the low-frequency range, the application of ultrasonic vibration increases the number of coupled frequencies with the jet, while in the high-frequency range, it enhances the corresponding amplitudes. These observations reflect the variations in flow field characteristics within the impingement region resulting from the introduction of ultrasonic assistance.</p>

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Investigation on the characteristics of pressure distribution in the impingement region of ultrasonic-assisted abrasive waterjet

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年8月4日

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  • Haocheng Sun,
  • Rongguo Hou,
  • Zhe Lv,
  • Hao Yun,
  • Chengrong Zhang

摘要

Ultrasonic-assisted abrasive waterjet (UAAWJ) machining presents benefits including the absence of thermal damage to workpiece materials, preservation of their intrinsic mechanical properties, and broad applicability across diverse materials. When ultrasonic vibration is applied to the workpiece, the oscillating surface substantially alters the jet impact force at the impingement point. To investigate this variation, the flow field of the abrasive waterjet was numerically simulated using a dynamic mesh method. The results indicate that, upon the application of ultrasonic assistance, the jet velocity in the vicinity of the stagnation point exhibits periodic variations. The peak static pressure is attenuated, while the wall shear stress is enhanced with its effective range becoming more concentrated. The dynamic pressure exhibits a fluctuating trend away from the jet axis, which intensifies with increasing amplitude. Moreover, the abrasive particle concentration at the stagnation point is increased. Through impact force measurement experiments, the variation of the impact force signal after the application of ultrasonic vibration was analyzed. The time-domain signals indicate that the fluctuation amplitude of the impact force increases with rising ultrasonic amplitude. The frequency-domain signals reveal a critical value at approximately 900 Hz: below this threshold, the number of peak frequencies increases, while above it, the peak amplitudes rise with increasing amplitude. Frequency-domain analysis of the numerical simulation results shows consistency with the experimental findings, both exhibiting a critical frequency threshold. Below this threshold, coupling between the ultrasonic vibration and the jet occurs at multiple frequencies; above it, the coupled frequency values are in close agreement with the experimental results. In the low-frequency range, the application of ultrasonic vibration increases the number of coupled frequencies with the jet, while in the high-frequency range, it enhances the corresponding amplitudes. These observations reflect the variations in flow field characteristics within the impingement region resulting from the introduction of ultrasonic assistance.