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<p>Selective laser sintering (SLS), an additive manufacturing technique, enables the development of products with distinct properties for various applications, thanks to its excellent surface finish and its ability to create parts with diverse geometries, however, it consumes high-performance materials that are expensive to acquire, such as polyamide 12 powder and the environmental impact associated with their production encourage the development of sustainable alternatives. Furthermore, mining exploration in Morocco generates a large quantity of phosphate waste, making it necessary to exploit and valorize this product in order to reduce this quantity and protect the environment, the proposed solution is its use as a mineral filler in composite powders used in additive manufacturing to produce 3D polymer parts, the objective of this study was to develop a phosphogypsum-based polyamide 12 composite that could serve as a raw material for selective laser sintering, different powder compositions were prepared by mixing polyamide 12 with waste-derived powder at various weight ratios 40/60, 30/70, 50/50, this study aims to examine the influence of the addition of phosphogypsum, as well as the thermal and chemical characterization of the polymer-mineral composites (PA12-phosphogypsum), a microstructure analysis was performed on a composite the structure was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was carried out to assess stability, along with differential scanning calorimetry (DCS) to determine the melting temperature (Tm) and glass transition temperature (Tg), and laser flash analysis (LFA) to determine thermal diffusion, thermal conductivity, heat capacity, melting temperature (Tm), and transformation temperature (TG). the results revealed that the addition of phosphogypsum powder influences the thermal degradation behavior and melting characteristics of the composite powders, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) showed improved thermal stability of the compositions, while differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) revealed changes in melting and crystallization behavior compared to pure polyamide12. These results demonstrate the potential of phosphogypsum-based polyamide 12 powders for use in additive manufacturing processes, thus contributing to reduced material costs and environmental sustainability and confirm that phosphogypsum is a superior additive to polyamide 12 in terms of structure and environmental impact, offering numerous advantages: reduced waste in phosphogypsum mines, resulting in a lower carbon footprint, and reduced raw material costs for advanced sustainable 3D printing applications, such as selective laser calibration.</p>

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Experimental Characterization of Polyamide 12/Phosphogypsum Composites Using Phosphogypsum from OCP Morocco via Selective Laser Sintering

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月17日

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  • Hanane Yaagoubi

摘要

Selective laser sintering (SLS), an additive manufacturing technique, enables the development of products with distinct properties for various applications, thanks to its excellent surface finish and its ability to create parts with diverse geometries, however, it consumes high-performance materials that are expensive to acquire, such as polyamide 12 powder and the environmental impact associated with their production encourage the development of sustainable alternatives. Furthermore, mining exploration in Morocco generates a large quantity of phosphate waste, making it necessary to exploit and valorize this product in order to reduce this quantity and protect the environment, the proposed solution is its use as a mineral filler in composite powders used in additive manufacturing to produce 3D polymer parts, the objective of this study was to develop a phosphogypsum-based polyamide 12 composite that could serve as a raw material for selective laser sintering, different powder compositions were prepared by mixing polyamide 12 with waste-derived powder at various weight ratios 40/60, 30/70, 50/50, this study aims to examine the influence of the addition of phosphogypsum, as well as the thermal and chemical characterization of the polymer-mineral composites (PA12-phosphogypsum), a microstructure analysis was performed on a composite the structure was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was carried out to assess stability, along with differential scanning calorimetry (DCS) to determine the melting temperature (Tm) and glass transition temperature (Tg), and laser flash analysis (LFA) to determine thermal diffusion, thermal conductivity, heat capacity, melting temperature (Tm), and transformation temperature (TG). the results revealed that the addition of phosphogypsum powder influences the thermal degradation behavior and melting characteristics of the composite powders, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) showed improved thermal stability of the compositions, while differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) revealed changes in melting and crystallization behavior compared to pure polyamide12. These results demonstrate the potential of phosphogypsum-based polyamide 12 powders for use in additive manufacturing processes, thus contributing to reduced material costs and environmental sustainability and confirm that phosphogypsum is a superior additive to polyamide 12 in terms of structure and environmental impact, offering numerous advantages: reduced waste in phosphogypsum mines, resulting in a lower carbon footprint, and reduced raw material costs for advanced sustainable 3D printing applications, such as selective laser calibration.