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<p>This study investigates the thermo-mechanical response of USIBOR<sup>®</sup> 1500 steel subjected to differential hot stamping using partial tool heating. Real-time temperature measurements, cooling rate analysis, microhardness mapping, and optical microscopy were employed to establish process–structure–property relationships under non-isothermal conditions. Increasing tool temperature (100–300&#xa0;°C) reduces local cooling rates in the heated regions, promoting a transition from predominantly martensitic to mixed martensitic–bainitic and bainitic-dominated microstructures. This transition is accompanied by a decrease in hardness from approximately 470 HV<sub>0.2</sub> to 326 HV<sub>0.2</sub>. Partial tool heating also affects springback behavior, inducing a mensurable shift toward negative springback due to asymmetric thermal contraction and phase transformation-induced strains. The results demonstrate that partial tool heating provides an effective and controllable strategy for tailoring local mechanical properties and springback response in press-hardened steel components.</p>

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Differential hot stamping of USIBOR® 1500 steel: effect of partial tool heating on phase transformation, hardness and springback

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月6日

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  • Camila Pereira Lisboa,
  • Richard Thomas Lermen,
  • Rafael Luciano Dalcin,
  • Marco Antonio Colosio,
  • Luana de Lucca de Costa,
  • André Rosiak,
  • Juliano Boeira Ercolani,
  • Renan da Silva Ramalho,
  • Lirio Schaeffer

摘要

This study investigates the thermo-mechanical response of USIBOR® 1500 steel subjected to differential hot stamping using partial tool heating. Real-time temperature measurements, cooling rate analysis, microhardness mapping, and optical microscopy were employed to establish process–structure–property relationships under non-isothermal conditions. Increasing tool temperature (100–300 °C) reduces local cooling rates in the heated regions, promoting a transition from predominantly martensitic to mixed martensitic–bainitic and bainitic-dominated microstructures. This transition is accompanied by a decrease in hardness from approximately 470 HV0.2 to 326 HV0.2. Partial tool heating also affects springback behavior, inducing a mensurable shift toward negative springback due to asymmetric thermal contraction and phase transformation-induced strains. The results demonstrate that partial tool heating provides an effective and controllable strategy for tailoring local mechanical properties and springback response in press-hardened steel components.