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<p>The development of lightweight structural materials with exceptional mechanical performance at cryogenic temperatures is critical for Arctic engineering applications. This study develops and characterizes two advanced aluminum-based material systems specifically designed for these demanding conditions: a scandium/zirconium-modified Al-Mg alloy and a silicon carbide-reinforced AA6061 matrix composite. A novel two-stage aging treatment applied to the Al-5Mg-0.17Sc-0.1Zr alloy facilitated the formation of a high-density dispersion of coherent Al₃(Sc, Zr) nanoprecipitates, resulting in a superior combination of a 450&#xa0;MPa yield strength and 30&#xa0;J/cm² Charpy impact toughness at -60&#xa0;°C. This performance surpasses that of conventional cryogenic aluminum alloys. The AA6061-based composite, fabricated via a semi-solid casting and liquid forging route with 5 vol% SiC reinforcement, demonstrated an 18% higher room-temperature fatigue endurance limit (170&#xa0;MPa) and a 40% improvement in abrasive wear resistance compared to the monolithic alloy. Microstructural analysis via SEM, TEM, and EBSD elucidated the underlying strengthening mechanisms, including Orowan strengthening and grain refinement. The results confirm the high potential of these newly developed materials for manufacturing lightweight, durable, and cryogenically resistant components in Arctic infrastructure, shipbuilding, and unmanned aerial vehicles.</p>

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Development and characterization of novel scandium-modified aluminum alloys and silicon carbide composites for ehanced performance in arctic applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月24日

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  • Mikhail P. Kuz’min,
  • Marina Yu. Kuz’mina,
  • Alina S. Kuz’mina,
  • Kaixin Song

摘要

The development of lightweight structural materials with exceptional mechanical performance at cryogenic temperatures is critical for Arctic engineering applications. This study develops and characterizes two advanced aluminum-based material systems specifically designed for these demanding conditions: a scandium/zirconium-modified Al-Mg alloy and a silicon carbide-reinforced AA6061 matrix composite. A novel two-stage aging treatment applied to the Al-5Mg-0.17Sc-0.1Zr alloy facilitated the formation of a high-density dispersion of coherent Al₃(Sc, Zr) nanoprecipitates, resulting in a superior combination of a 450 MPa yield strength and 30 J/cm² Charpy impact toughness at -60 °C. This performance surpasses that of conventional cryogenic aluminum alloys. The AA6061-based composite, fabricated via a semi-solid casting and liquid forging route with 5 vol% SiC reinforcement, demonstrated an 18% higher room-temperature fatigue endurance limit (170 MPa) and a 40% improvement in abrasive wear resistance compared to the monolithic alloy. Microstructural analysis via SEM, TEM, and EBSD elucidated the underlying strengthening mechanisms, including Orowan strengthening and grain refinement. The results confirm the high potential of these newly developed materials for manufacturing lightweight, durable, and cryogenically resistant components in Arctic infrastructure, shipbuilding, and unmanned aerial vehicles.