<p>This paper presents a comprehensive review of univariate process capability indices (PCIs), which are critical metrics for assessing how effectively a manufacturing process satisfies customer specifications based on a single quality characteristic. The primary objective of this review is to develop practical, standards-aligned workflows for conducting process capability analysis under various preconditions, including those less frequently addressed scenarios in existing literature, rather than introducing new capability indices. Key analytical components, such as outlier detection, normality test, and best distribution fitting, are integrated into the proposed framework to ensure accurate and robust capability assessments. By systematically evaluating a range of methodologies, this study offers guidance for researchers and practitioners in selecting the most appropriate PCIs for specific process conditions. Ultimately, the work aims to simplify the complexity of PCI analysis while enhancing its precision and utility in quality control and process improvement efforts.</p>