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<p>A method for precision drilling of stainless steel and aluminum plates using single and double picosecond pulses (8 ps at 1064&#xa0;nm, 6 ps at 355&#xa0;nm, 5 ps at 266&#xa0;nm, and 5 ps at 213&#xa0;nm), with a 25 ns interval between sub-pulses in the double-pulse mode, has been investigated. Comparative experiments were performed at different wavelengths to evaluate drilling efficiency and through-hole quality. It was found that, for each material characterized by specific optical properties such as skin depth, there exists a critical thickness (CT), below which drilling with a pair of pulses (hereafter referred to as a doublet) requires approximately 1.5-2 times fewer pulses than in the single-pulse regime to achieve comparable through-holes. Plates with thicknesses below the CT are drilled more efficiently, and the inner surface quality of the resulting holes is improved compared with that obtained using single-pulse drilling. For the stainless steel, high-quality through-hole drilling is achievable when the plate thickness is less than approximately 125 μm at 1064 nm, 200 μm at 355 nm, or 250 μm at 266 nm. For aluminum, the CT is approximately 2–3 times higher than that for stainless steel. These results indicate that thicker plates can be drilled without a significant decrease in ablation efficiency by increasing the sub-pulse delay within the doublet. Specifically, the delay time should exceed the time of flight of the plasma generated by the first sub-pulse at the bottom of the blind hole, so that the second sub-pulse interacts with the plasma cloud near or above the material surface. This time of flight depends on the laser wavelength, optical penetration depth (skin depth), laser fluence, and material properties.</p>

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Comparative drilling of materials using UV and IR picosecond lasers ablation with single and double-pulses emission

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月10日

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  • Guerman Pasmanik,
  • Alexey Tormozov,
  • Igor Turonok

摘要

A method for precision drilling of stainless steel and aluminum plates using single and double picosecond pulses (8 ps at 1064 nm, 6 ps at 355 nm, 5 ps at 266 nm, and 5 ps at 213 nm), with a 25 ns interval between sub-pulses in the double-pulse mode, has been investigated. Comparative experiments were performed at different wavelengths to evaluate drilling efficiency and through-hole quality. It was found that, for each material characterized by specific optical properties such as skin depth, there exists a critical thickness (CT), below which drilling with a pair of pulses (hereafter referred to as a doublet) requires approximately 1.5-2 times fewer pulses than in the single-pulse regime to achieve comparable through-holes. Plates with thicknesses below the CT are drilled more efficiently, and the inner surface quality of the resulting holes is improved compared with that obtained using single-pulse drilling. For the stainless steel, high-quality through-hole drilling is achievable when the plate thickness is less than approximately 125 μm at 1064 nm, 200 μm at 355 nm, or 250 μm at 266 nm. For aluminum, the CT is approximately 2–3 times higher than that for stainless steel. These results indicate that thicker plates can be drilled without a significant decrease in ablation efficiency by increasing the sub-pulse delay within the doublet. Specifically, the delay time should exceed the time of flight of the plasma generated by the first sub-pulse at the bottom of the blind hole, so that the second sub-pulse interacts with the plasma cloud near or above the material surface. This time of flight depends on the laser wavelength, optical penetration depth (skin depth), laser fluence, and material properties.