Effect of laser beam tilt angle on the weld quality of dissimilar joints of DP780 & DP980 steels
摘要
Laser welding of dual-phase (DP) steels has become increasingly important for automotive and structural applications, as it offers high efficiency and superior mechanical properties. This study examines how the Laser Beam tilt angle (100) affects the mechanical and microstructural characteristics of dissimilar laser-welded joints between the dual-phase steels DP780 and DP980. The three configurations considered were no tilt, tilt towards DP780, and tilt towards DP980. The first set of experiments was performed by using a laser beam angle perpendicular to the base metal sheet to optimise the process parameters for further experiments. After these experiments, one optimal process parameter was chosen, based on mechanical and microstructural analysis, for the next step of our study, which involves laser beam tilt orientation (100) from the perpendicular direction. The study focused on analysing changes in microstructure, hardness distribution, tensile behaviour, fatigue performance, and elemental distribution using EDS analysis. The tensile strength and fatigue resistance were significantly increased by tilting the laser beam towards the DP980 side, resulting in the development of finer martensitic grains in the fusion zone. In contrast, the tilted orientation of the Laser beam towards the DP780 side caused thermal softening and grain coarsening in the heat-affected zone, which resulted in decreased joint strength and early fatigue failure. The no-till configuration exhibited intermediate characteristics, with balanced but less refined properties. The best overall performance was shown by the DP980-side tilted orientation at the investigated parameter, highlighting the significance of laser beam orientation in optimising dissimilar laser welding of advanced high-strength steels.