<p>Ultrasound vibration-assisted end grinding (UVEG) of alloy materials has advantages in improving surface mechanical properties and enhancing surface quality. The grinding force is a key parameter for evaluating the cutting performance of abrasive grains and the quality of machined surface. However, the contribution of the intermittent contact behavior induced by ultrasonic vibration, the distribution and contact characteristics of abrasive grains, and the properties of high-strength materials to grinding force has not been thoroughly investigated. A predictive model considering the ultrasonic vibration of the end-face abrasive grains and the equivalent cutting depth was proposed. The model was developed through the kinematic analysis of the abrasive grains on the wheel’s end face. It incorporated the length of the grain’s movement trajectory, the equivalent machining depth, material characteristics, and the impact force generated by the periodic motion. The normal and radial components of the force were determined by considering the contributions of chip deformation force and friction force. The accuracy of the model was validated by comparing the numerical simulation results with the experimental data. The developed prediction model elucidated the influence mechanisms of process parameters in UVEG of the nickel-based alloy Inconel 718. This study provides theoretical guidance for investigating the cutting performance and surface quality improvement in UVEG of metallic materials.</p>