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<p>This study examines the impact of Equal Channel Angular Pressing (ECAP) on the CuCrNiSi alloy, focusing on microstructural and mechanical properties, as well as its suitability for spot welding electrode applications. Samples underwent 1, 2, 4, and 6 ECAP passes, resulting in progressive grain refinement. Microstructural analysis revealed the evolution from coarse, elongated grains to ultrafine, homogeneous structures after six passes. Tensile tests showed a 34% increase in yield strength (773.2&#xa0;MPa), as well as reduced ductility. Enhanced microhardness confirmed strain hardening, while X-ray diffraction indicated increased dislocation density and decreased crystallite size. Although electrical conductivity declined, it remained within acceptable limits. The study demonstrates the alloy’s viability to manufacture interchangeable resistance welding tips. Industrial tests confirmed greater durability, reduced active face wear, and dimensional stability. Notably, samples processed with 4 and 6 passes retained weld diameters above the specified minimum after 2,250 cycles. These results establish ECAP as an effective approach to improve the performance of CuCrNiSi alloys in high-resistance welding applications.</p>

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Influence of ECAP on the CuCrNiSi alloy: from microstructural refinement to spot welding electrode applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月6日

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  • Victor Souza Esteves Lima,
  • Gilmar Cordeiro Silva

摘要

This study examines the impact of Equal Channel Angular Pressing (ECAP) on the CuCrNiSi alloy, focusing on microstructural and mechanical properties, as well as its suitability for spot welding electrode applications. Samples underwent 1, 2, 4, and 6 ECAP passes, resulting in progressive grain refinement. Microstructural analysis revealed the evolution from coarse, elongated grains to ultrafine, homogeneous structures after six passes. Tensile tests showed a 34% increase in yield strength (773.2 MPa), as well as reduced ductility. Enhanced microhardness confirmed strain hardening, while X-ray diffraction indicated increased dislocation density and decreased crystallite size. Although electrical conductivity declined, it remained within acceptable limits. The study demonstrates the alloy’s viability to manufacture interchangeable resistance welding tips. Industrial tests confirmed greater durability, reduced active face wear, and dimensional stability. Notably, samples processed with 4 and 6 passes retained weld diameters above the specified minimum after 2,250 cycles. These results establish ECAP as an effective approach to improve the performance of CuCrNiSi alloys in high-resistance welding applications.