<p>Titanium alloys are widely used in the aerospace industry due to their high strength, high hardness, and high heat resistance. However, their high specific strength and low thermal conductivity pose challenges in traditional grinding processes, including high grinding force, difficulty in ensuring surface quality, and rapid abrasive wear of grinding belts. To address the aforementioned issues, this paper employs laser-assisted belt grinding to process titanium alloys. Through single-factor experiments, the influence of processing parameters on surface roughness and grinding force is investigated. Orthogonal experiments are further conducted to analyze the extent of these parameter effects on surface roughness and grinding force. A comparative analysis is conducted between conventional belt grinding and laser-assisted belt grinding of titanium alloys regarding surface roughness and grinding force. Preliminary investigations explore the improvement effects of laser-assisted grinding with different parameter combinations on the machinability and surface quality of titanium alloys. Analysis indicates that laser-assisted belt grinding can enhance the uniformity of titanium alloy surface texture, effectively improving the surface quality of titanium alloys after machining. To obtain optimal processing parameters for laser-assisted belt grinding of titanium alloys to guide subsequent machining, a regression model for surface roughness was established using experimental data. The processing parameters were optimized via a swarm algorithm, yielding the optimal combination: belt linear speed of 11.3&#xa0;m/s, workpiece feed rate of 240&#xa0;mm/min, contact wheel positive pressure of 0.21&#xa0;MPa, abrasive belt grit size of 45&#xa0;µm, and laser power of 200 W. Additionally, surface texture became more uniform, with significant improvements in defects such as pits, microcracks, and scratches.</p>