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<p>The effects of tempering temperature and holding time on the microstructure and mechanical properties of X70 high strength low alloy (HSLA) steel weldments were investigated. Tempering treatments were conducted at&#xa0;500 °C and 600 °C&#xa0;with holding durations ranging from&#xa0;30 to 120 min. A combination of analytical techniques comprising energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), hardness testing, impact toughness evaluation, and metallographic analysis (optical and scanning electron microscopy) was employed to assess elemental redistribution, precipitate evolution, and mechanical behavior. XRD analysis identified refined carbides at&#xa0;600 °C, whereas&#xa0;post weld heat treatments (PWHT) conducted at 500 °C&#xa0;retained coarse carbides, while EDS mapping highlighted carbon homogenization while tempering at 600 °C, and oxygen enrichment in the heat-affected zone (HAZ) during prolonged holding times (120 min). Mechanical testing demonstrated that&#xa0;600°C tempering for 60–90 min&#xa0;optimally balanced strength and toughness. Shorter holding times (30–60 min) at&#xa0;600°C&#xa0;enhanced microstructural coherence, while over-tempering (120 min) induced oxidation-driven degradation. These findings highlight the critical role of tempering duration in balancing mechanical performance in X70 HSLA steel weldments.</p>

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Time-dependent effects of post weld heat treatment on mechanical properties of X70 HSLA steel weldments: An XRD analysis

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月11日

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  • Moustafa Noureddine,
  • Lahcene Noureddine,
  • Naceur Selmane,
  • Bouzid Maamache,
  • Abdelhalim Zoukel

摘要

The effects of tempering temperature and holding time on the microstructure and mechanical properties of X70 high strength low alloy (HSLA) steel weldments were investigated. Tempering treatments were conducted at 500 °C and 600 °C with holding durations ranging from 30 to 120 min. A combination of analytical techniques comprising energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), hardness testing, impact toughness evaluation, and metallographic analysis (optical and scanning electron microscopy) was employed to assess elemental redistribution, precipitate evolution, and mechanical behavior. XRD analysis identified refined carbides at 600 °C, whereas post weld heat treatments (PWHT) conducted at 500 °C retained coarse carbides, while EDS mapping highlighted carbon homogenization while tempering at 600 °C, and oxygen enrichment in the heat-affected zone (HAZ) during prolonged holding times (120 min). Mechanical testing demonstrated that 600°C tempering for 60–90 min optimally balanced strength and toughness. Shorter holding times (30–60 min) at 600°C enhanced microstructural coherence, while over-tempering (120 min) induced oxidation-driven degradation. These findings highlight the critical role of tempering duration in balancing mechanical performance in X70 HSLA steel weldments.