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<p>Despite ongoing research, the behavior of metal contacts under extreme conditions, particularly when utilizing solid lubricants and cryogenic environments, remains inadequately understood. Liquid lubricants have been traditionally employed to control the tribological and thermal properties in high-stress contact areas, such as the rake face during metal cutting operations. However, the environmental hazards and the health risks associated with these lubricants have prompted a shift towards the adoption of cryogenic gases and mixed solid lubricants as alternatives to conventional liquid options. This study aims to explore the influence of molybdenum disulfide, graphene, and CO<sub>2</sub> cryogen on the tribological properties present in severe plastic deformation zones involving metal tools. An experimental analysis conducted with an innovative tribo-device will facilitate the calculation of the friction factor and the examination of various wear mechanisms. Additionally, further research using finite element method (FEM) and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models will enhance the understanding of how CO<sub>2</sub> cryogen impacts the distribution of stress and temperature in high-pressure contact. The findings indicated that the remarkable mechanical and thermal properties of the studied lubricants significantly contribute to the reduction of friction, temperature, and pressure at high-contact pressure. Wear resistance was also improved under the effect of the tested lubricants. Consequently, these results can help in the implementation of corrective measures within the industry to protect cutting tools and enhance overall product quality.</p>

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Effect of solid lubricants and CO2 cryogen on contact behavior under severe frictional plastic deformation contact

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月18日

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  • Roland Bejjani,
  • Al Hussein Al Fleety,
  • Charlie Salame

摘要

Despite ongoing research, the behavior of metal contacts under extreme conditions, particularly when utilizing solid lubricants and cryogenic environments, remains inadequately understood. Liquid lubricants have been traditionally employed to control the tribological and thermal properties in high-stress contact areas, such as the rake face during metal cutting operations. However, the environmental hazards and the health risks associated with these lubricants have prompted a shift towards the adoption of cryogenic gases and mixed solid lubricants as alternatives to conventional liquid options. This study aims to explore the influence of molybdenum disulfide, graphene, and CO2 cryogen on the tribological properties present in severe plastic deformation zones involving metal tools. An experimental analysis conducted with an innovative tribo-device will facilitate the calculation of the friction factor and the examination of various wear mechanisms. Additionally, further research using finite element method (FEM) and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models will enhance the understanding of how CO2 cryogen impacts the distribution of stress and temperature in high-pressure contact. The findings indicated that the remarkable mechanical and thermal properties of the studied lubricants significantly contribute to the reduction of friction, temperature, and pressure at high-contact pressure. Wear resistance was also improved under the effect of the tested lubricants. Consequently, these results can help in the implementation of corrective measures within the industry to protect cutting tools and enhance overall product quality.