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<p>Achieving high filling efficiency, low distortion, and defect-free welding of thick Ti-6Al-4V plates remains a major challenge in deep-sea manufacturing. In this work, the narrow gap oscillation laser–TIG (NG-OL-TIG) welding was developed and applied to 25 mm Ti-6Al-4V butt joints and further validated on a 50-mm thickness.This innovative technique combines the deep penetration and precision of laser welding with the thermal stability and filler compatibility of TIG, enhanced by laser beam oscillation that improves sidewall fusion and suppresses porosity. Firstly, optimized parameters achieved a welding speed of 0.2 m/min, over twice the speed of a traditional TIG welding for a thick Ti-6Al-4V. Secondly, a double-sided welding effectively reduced distortion. Thirdly, a metallographic analysis of the 25-mm joint showed continuous columnar grains and <i>α</i>′ martensite but no cracks or lack-of-fusion, with the joint’s strength exceeding the base metal. Finally, the same process was applied to a 50-mm-thick plate, achieving a defect-free welding without post-weld heat treatment, demonstrating both process scalability and technical superiority. This method provides a practical and reliable solution for the fabrication of critical thick titanium alloy structures.</p>

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Welding of thick Ti-6Al-4V plate via narrow gap oscillating laser tungsten inert gas (NG-OL-TIG) hybrid welding: microstructure and mechanical properties

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月17日

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  • Gang Ruan,
  • Chen Shen,
  • Yuelong Zhang,
  • Fang Li,
  • Yuhan Ding,
  • Lin Wang,
  • Kanglong Wu,
  • Kaiyuan Lin,
  • Xueming Hua

摘要

Achieving high filling efficiency, low distortion, and defect-free welding of thick Ti-6Al-4V plates remains a major challenge in deep-sea manufacturing. In this work, the narrow gap oscillation laser–TIG (NG-OL-TIG) welding was developed and applied to 25 mm Ti-6Al-4V butt joints and further validated on a 50-mm thickness.This innovative technique combines the deep penetration and precision of laser welding with the thermal stability and filler compatibility of TIG, enhanced by laser beam oscillation that improves sidewall fusion and suppresses porosity. Firstly, optimized parameters achieved a welding speed of 0.2 m/min, over twice the speed of a traditional TIG welding for a thick Ti-6Al-4V. Secondly, a double-sided welding effectively reduced distortion. Thirdly, a metallographic analysis of the 25-mm joint showed continuous columnar grains and α′ martensite but no cracks or lack-of-fusion, with the joint’s strength exceeding the base metal. Finally, the same process was applied to a 50-mm-thick plate, achieving a defect-free welding without post-weld heat treatment, demonstrating both process scalability and technical superiority. This method provides a practical and reliable solution for the fabrication of critical thick titanium alloy structures.