<p>In this paper, a method is proposed to determine the optimal combination of the key components (servo motor, ball screw, and tooth pulley pair) of a ball screw–driven servomechanism with a tooth belt drive transmission. The proposed method addresses a more generalized optimization problem because it focuses on the optimization of a ball screw–driven servomechanism with a reducer (tooth belt drive transmission) unlike previous work that focuses only on the optimization of a servo motor and a ball screw directly connected system. It is also possible to easily explore the global optimal component combination that is most suitable for various targets through the analysis of combinations of known components, constraint satisfaction assessment, and quantitative comparisons between different characteristics of each component combination, rather than the continuous variable optimization method where all existing methods were mainly dependent. Based on this approach, the developed program provides a powerful guide to formulate an accurate search strategy and can quickly search for a highly accurate global optimal solution in a given component database. The method has proved its accuracy, rapidity, and convenience through an example of finding the optimal component combination of a ball screw–driven servomechanism of a large vertical machining center. On the other hand, comparative analysis of this method with existing studies has also been conducted in depth in this example to objectively verify the advantages of our method.</p>