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<p>Al–Mg alloys are highly susceptible to porosity and elemental evaporation during laser beam welding, resulting in softening of the joints and jeopardizing engineering applications. Oscillating laser beam welding (OLBW) can significantly improve the mechanical properties of the joint by stirring the molten pool to refine the weld grain and suppress porosity. This study represents the first application of a novel “W” shaped oscillation trajectory coupled with laser beam welding and provides a systematic investigation into the OLBW process, thereby delineating the corresponding process window. Additionally, the effects of oscillation frequency on weld porosity, grain morphology, and tensile properties were thoroughly examined. The results demonstrate that an increase in oscillation frequency facilitates the reduction of porosity and refinement of the grain structure. Within the oscillation frequency range of 2 to 8&#xa0;Hz, the porosity is maintained at less than 0.1%, and the grain size ranges from 20 to 30&#xa0;µm. As the oscillation frequency increases, both tensile strength and elongation of the weld are significantly enhanced. Specifically, at an oscillation frequency of 8&#xa0;Hz, the weld exhibits a tensile strength of 176&#xa0;MPa and an elongation of 11%, corresponding to 85.8% and 48.7% of the base material’s tensile strength and elongation, respectively. This study further elucidates the mechanisms by which OLBW mitigates porosity and improves tensile properties, providing valuable insights for the future application of OLBW in aluminum alloy welding.</p>

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Enhancing tensile properties and suppressing porosity in laser beam welding aluminum alloys via novel oscillation technology

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月20日

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  • Jinglong Tang,
  • Jie Su,
  • Jiaqi Sun,
  • Minglie Hu,
  • Zhen Luo

摘要

Al–Mg alloys are highly susceptible to porosity and elemental evaporation during laser beam welding, resulting in softening of the joints and jeopardizing engineering applications. Oscillating laser beam welding (OLBW) can significantly improve the mechanical properties of the joint by stirring the molten pool to refine the weld grain and suppress porosity. This study represents the first application of a novel “W” shaped oscillation trajectory coupled with laser beam welding and provides a systematic investigation into the OLBW process, thereby delineating the corresponding process window. Additionally, the effects of oscillation frequency on weld porosity, grain morphology, and tensile properties were thoroughly examined. The results demonstrate that an increase in oscillation frequency facilitates the reduction of porosity and refinement of the grain structure. Within the oscillation frequency range of 2 to 8 Hz, the porosity is maintained at less than 0.1%, and the grain size ranges from 20 to 30 µm. As the oscillation frequency increases, both tensile strength and elongation of the weld are significantly enhanced. Specifically, at an oscillation frequency of 8 Hz, the weld exhibits a tensile strength of 176 MPa and an elongation of 11%, corresponding to 85.8% and 48.7% of the base material’s tensile strength and elongation, respectively. This study further elucidates the mechanisms by which OLBW mitigates porosity and improves tensile properties, providing valuable insights for the future application of OLBW in aluminum alloy welding.