<p>In recent research, adaptive control of surface biomimetic microstructure functionality has attracted widespread attention. By adjusting the chemical/organic substances used for surface modification, it is possible to achieve functional group changes on the surface through protonation and deprotonation in different environments, thereby adjusting the wettability of the surface. Compared with traditional methods such as adjusting surface chemical groups, achieving adaptive control of surface microstructure is more difficult. However, research on it can uncover many more novel features and designs. Recently, scholars have found that using polymer materials can make it easier and more precise to control surface microstructure, thereby controlling surface functionality under different environmental requirements. This article reviews the latest research progress in biomimetic surface processing technology with functional adaptive regulation. Afterward, the processing techniques applicable to shape memory alloy materials were also emphasized. And the possibility and technology of its application in biomimetic surface research were discussed. Finally, the current applications of functionally controllable biomimetic functional surfaces were demonstrated, including controllable droplet storage, transportation, rebound, capture, release, and reprogrammable gradient wetting.</p>