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<p>To minimize the adverse effects generated by pressure waves when high-speed trains burst into tunnels with shaft buffer structures and to achieve the enhancement of buffering performance. Based on this, this paper proposes a new optimization method for the shaft buffer structure parameters. This study is based on numerical simulation and dynamic model test, combined with the RSM-BBD (Response Surface Method-Box-Behnken Design) test and the NSGA-II algorithm for multi-objective optimization of the shaft position (<i>L</i>), shaft cross-section diameter (<i>D</i>), and shaft height (<i>H</i>). The Pareto solution sets of the structural parameters of the shaft in the tunnel of the high-speed railway at 450&#xa0;km/h with the initial compression wave peak value (ICWPV) and the micro-pressure wave peak value (MPWPV) are obtained. Finally, the optimal combination of parameters in the Pareto solution set with respect to the shaft structure is obtained using the TOPSIS entropy weight method. The results indicate that the RSM models of the ICWPV and the MPWPV with respect to <i>L</i>, <i>D</i>, and <i>H</i> are accurate. After optimization, the optimal combination of parameters for the shaft structure is <i>L</i> = 250&#xa0;m, <i>D</i> = 7&#xa0;m, and <i>H</i> = 50&#xa0;m. The ICWPV and MPWPV obtained from the optimal parameter combination of the shaft buffer structure are reduced by 18.93% and 27.45%, respectively, with respect to the tunnel without shaft buffer structure. The results of this paper can be used as a guideline for the design and construction of shaft structure parameters in high-speed railway tunnels of 450&#xa0;km/h and above.</p>

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Multi-objective optimization of tunnel shaft structure for high-speed railway based on genetic algorithm

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月2日

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  • Yichao Sun,
  • Liming Du,
  • Shunde Kang,
  • Xiaojie Zhang

摘要

To minimize the adverse effects generated by pressure waves when high-speed trains burst into tunnels with shaft buffer structures and to achieve the enhancement of buffering performance. Based on this, this paper proposes a new optimization method for the shaft buffer structure parameters. This study is based on numerical simulation and dynamic model test, combined with the RSM-BBD (Response Surface Method-Box-Behnken Design) test and the NSGA-II algorithm for multi-objective optimization of the shaft position (L), shaft cross-section diameter (D), and shaft height (H). The Pareto solution sets of the structural parameters of the shaft in the tunnel of the high-speed railway at 450 km/h with the initial compression wave peak value (ICWPV) and the micro-pressure wave peak value (MPWPV) are obtained. Finally, the optimal combination of parameters in the Pareto solution set with respect to the shaft structure is obtained using the TOPSIS entropy weight method. The results indicate that the RSM models of the ICWPV and the MPWPV with respect to L, D, and H are accurate. After optimization, the optimal combination of parameters for the shaft structure is L = 250 m, D = 7 m, and H = 50 m. The ICWPV and MPWPV obtained from the optimal parameter combination of the shaft buffer structure are reduced by 18.93% and 27.45%, respectively, with respect to the tunnel without shaft buffer structure. The results of this paper can be used as a guideline for the design and construction of shaft structure parameters in high-speed railway tunnels of 450 km/h and above.