<p>This paper examines how rural migrant workers in China adjust their employment and geographic locations in response to industrial robots. We find that robots significantly displace rural migrants employed in routine jobs, while having little effect on native urban workers. The heightened vulnerability of rural migrant workers to robots arises from their lower levels of human capital and institutional constraints in urban labor markets. Following displacement, 40% return to agriculture, 3% transition to local non-routine jobs, and 57% choose to re-migrate. The re-migrants are more likely to move to regions with lower robot exposure and weaker economic development, where they typically re-enter non-agricultural jobs. These findings trace the full adjustment process of rural migrant workers and illuminate the challenges that technological change poses for vulnerable workers.</p>