<p>The growing incorporation of artificial intelligence into professional environments has intensified debates about how ethical judgement is formed and sustained under technological mediation. This article examines these issues through the case of VICTOR, a machine learning system developed by Brazil’s Supreme Federal Tribunal to classify extraordinary appeals according to constitutional themes of general repercussion, and through the later expansion of tools such as VitórIA. The analysis distinguishes between digital procedural infrastructures and machine learning systems to show that the ethical significance of AI does not depend only on whether such systems make final decisions. Even when judicial authority remains formally human, algorithmic classification can reshape the informational conditions under which professional judgement is exercised. Drawing on moral development theory, virtue ethics, moral identity research and debates on moral deskilling and interpretive uncertainty, the article argues that AI-mediated professional environments create a specific obligation of critical oversight. It concludes that the ethical challenge of AI lies not simply in automation, but in the transformation of the conditions under which practical wisdom, professional authority and ethical autonomy are sustained.</p>