Resisting AI: a conceptual framework for practices of resistance against artificial intelligence in the creative industries
摘要
We have witnessed a burgeoning debate on the nature of AI creativity and its implications for the creative industries, particularly in relation to labour dynamics. However, even though we can find critical studies on AI and creative work, more research is needed to investigate, empirically or conceptually, the sources, methods, and forms of resistance against AI in the creative industries. By pivoting the reference of analysis to concentrate on the agency of workers in accepting, resisting, and navigating these technologies, this paper brings a novel conceptualisation of everyday work practices of resistance against AI through the qualitative investigation of 30 artists and designers in Greater Melbourne, Australia, between 2022 and 2024. Building on resistance theory, I propose to re-position the AI-labour debate towards the forms of everyday resistance creative workers employ to avoid, break, and construct discourses against AI. More specifically, I demonstrate how valuing imperfections and reviving the analogue, amongst other practices, are transformed into acts of resistance against the extractive modes of production and the ideology of frictionlessness that AI catalyses in the creative industries. This article shows that uncovering, explaining, and conceptualising resistance is an important step to further unpack the political economy of Artificial Intelligence.