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<p>Fatima Roumate argues that a “new Westphalian system” is taking shape, one in which AI is no longer simply a tool but a force restructuring the very foundations of international order. And in her book, Roumate offers a map of this AI-driven restructuring, tracing through both conceptual frameworks and technological reality surrounding lethal autonomous weapons (LAWS), psychological security, technological sovereignty, AI diplomacy, ethics and the global economic order. The author puts forth an account that AI is simultaneously transforming the <i>nature of power</i>, the <i>holder of power</i>, and the <i>space of power</i>, processes that classical international relations frameworks lack definitive tools to deal with. This account is, arguably, precisely understood as a pioneering research agenda rather than a fully formed scientific theory. Most emphatically, the author investigates and proposes various emerging roles of organizations such as the United Nations or the World Trade Organization to shape a peaceful world order through updating new international codes of conduct for technological transfer and cooperation. The book concludes with thought-provoking visions around artificial wisdom, i.e., AI guided by humanistic values; inclusive AI global governance; new international social contracts among states, citizens, and transnational big-tech companies. The book is an essential read for scholars and policymakers working to solve emerging challenges regarding human rights, international trade, and economic development in the new techno-geopolitical realities.</p>

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Power reimagined: a review of artificial intelligence and the new world order—new weapons, new wars and a new balance of power by Fatima Roumate

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月27日

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  • Huong-Thu T. Doan,
  • Ha-Chi Ta,
  • Manh-Tung Ho

摘要

Fatima Roumate argues that a “new Westphalian system” is taking shape, one in which AI is no longer simply a tool but a force restructuring the very foundations of international order. And in her book, Roumate offers a map of this AI-driven restructuring, tracing through both conceptual frameworks and technological reality surrounding lethal autonomous weapons (LAWS), psychological security, technological sovereignty, AI diplomacy, ethics and the global economic order. The author puts forth an account that AI is simultaneously transforming the nature of power, the holder of power, and the space of power, processes that classical international relations frameworks lack definitive tools to deal with. This account is, arguably, precisely understood as a pioneering research agenda rather than a fully formed scientific theory. Most emphatically, the author investigates and proposes various emerging roles of organizations such as the United Nations or the World Trade Organization to shape a peaceful world order through updating new international codes of conduct for technological transfer and cooperation. The book concludes with thought-provoking visions around artificial wisdom, i.e., AI guided by humanistic values; inclusive AI global governance; new international social contracts among states, citizens, and transnational big-tech companies. The book is an essential read for scholars and policymakers working to solve emerging challenges regarding human rights, international trade, and economic development in the new techno-geopolitical realities.