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<p> Early detection as a&#xa0;form of secondary prevention of oncological diseases, together with primary prevention, is an essential component of gynecological care in Germany. Its goal is to reduce morbidity and mortality among women. The most common cancer in women is breast cancer. The annual clinical examination of the breasts and axillae on both sides is part of routine early detection in gynecological practice. Thanks to the nationwide mammography screening program, breast cancers can be detected at an early stage, which improves patients’ prognoses. Women between the ages of&#xa0;50 and&#xa0;75 are eligible for biennial mammography screening. For women in high-risk groups, earlier screening is recommended, including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasound in addition to mammography. For gynecological cancers—excluding human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated malignancies—there are no targeted primary or secondary prevention programs. In the case of vulvar, vaginal, endometrial, and ovarian cancers, particular attention should be paid to typical symptoms during the annual gynecological examination. For HPV-associated cancers, primary prevention is possible through vaccination. Gynecologists play a&#xa0;key role in promoting health among women of all age groups. Alongside benign conditions, a&#xa0;strong focus should be placed on measures for the early detection of gynecological cancers.</p>

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Früherkennungsuntersuchungen gynäkologischer Malignome und des Mammakarzinoms

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月26日

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  • Stefan Lukac,
  • Mathis Wild,
  • Jasmina Veta-Darkovski,
  • Lea Traub,
  • Lazar Glisic,
  • Christian Dannecker,
  • Wolfgang Janni,
  • Elena Leinert

摘要

Early detection as a form of secondary prevention of oncological diseases, together with primary prevention, is an essential component of gynecological care in Germany. Its goal is to reduce morbidity and mortality among women. The most common cancer in women is breast cancer. The annual clinical examination of the breasts and axillae on both sides is part of routine early detection in gynecological practice. Thanks to the nationwide mammography screening program, breast cancers can be detected at an early stage, which improves patients’ prognoses. Women between the ages of 50 and 75 are eligible for biennial mammography screening. For women in high-risk groups, earlier screening is recommended, including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasound in addition to mammography. For gynecological cancers—excluding human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated malignancies—there are no targeted primary or secondary prevention programs. In the case of vulvar, vaginal, endometrial, and ovarian cancers, particular attention should be paid to typical symptoms during the annual gynecological examination. For HPV-associated cancers, primary prevention is possible through vaccination. Gynecologists play a key role in promoting health among women of all age groups. Alongside benign conditions, a strong focus should be placed on measures for the early detection of gynecological cancers.