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<p>This study analyzed veterinary antibiotics (VAs) and resistance genes (ARGs) in manure and soil at a typcial livestock farm in Northwest China using LC-MS and metagenomics. Sulfonamides (SAs) were highest in chicken manure, while quinolones (QNs) dominated cattle manure and adjacent soil (172.784 ng g<sup>−1</sup> total QNs). Transfer rates of QNs and tetracyclines from manure to soil exceeded 100%, indicating significant ecological risk via the food chain. Metagenomics revealed the tetracycline resistance gene tetA (58) dominated the soil ARG pool. Significant positive correlations (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) existed between QN concentrations (including ciprofloxacin, lomefloxacin) and quinolone resistance genes (flu), and between soil tetracyclines and multidrug resistance genes (mul). Ecological risk modeling confirmed a high mixed contamination risk for QNs (RQ = 2.36 &gt; 1).</p>

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Occurrence of Antibiotics at a Typical Livestock Farm in Northwest China: Emergence Characteristics and Ecological Risk Assessment

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月19日

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  • Shengguang Zhang,
  • Baoguo Yang,
  • Zuoming Xie,
  • Fengcheng Jiang,
  • Kanghui Liu

摘要

This study analyzed veterinary antibiotics (VAs) and resistance genes (ARGs) in manure and soil at a typcial livestock farm in Northwest China using LC-MS and metagenomics. Sulfonamides (SAs) were highest in chicken manure, while quinolones (QNs) dominated cattle manure and adjacent soil (172.784 ng g−1 total QNs). Transfer rates of QNs and tetracyclines from manure to soil exceeded 100%, indicating significant ecological risk via the food chain. Metagenomics revealed the tetracycline resistance gene tetA (58) dominated the soil ARG pool. Significant positive correlations (p < 0.05) existed between QN concentrations (including ciprofloxacin, lomefloxacin) and quinolone resistance genes (flu), and between soil tetracyclines and multidrug resistance genes (mul). Ecological risk modeling confirmed a high mixed contamination risk for QNs (RQ = 2.36 > 1).