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<p>Heavy metal pollution in aquatic environment is a rising concern and for its assessment, aquatic organisms are often used as biomonitors. The present study investigates the distribution of heavy metals (Fe, Cr, Pb, Cu, Zn, and Cd) in the surface water, surface sediment, and selected tissues of edible fish <i>Mugil cephalus Linnaeus,</i> collected from Kadinamkulam estuary, South India. The hierarchy of heavy metals in the estuary water is found in the order Fe &gt; Zn &gt; Cd &gt; Pb &gt; Cu &gt; Cr, and in the surface sediments, Fe &gt; Zn &gt; Cd &gt; Cu &gt; Cr &gt; Pb. The study shows that Pb and Cr contents in the surface water are above the permissible limits prescribed by BIS 1982 and USEPA. This study reveals that heavy metals accumulated in fish tissue is in the order of liver &gt; gill &gt; muscle. The metal concentrations followed the sequence Fe &gt; Zn &gt; Pb &gt; Cu &gt; Cd &gt; Cr. The heavy metals Zn, Cd, and Pb show concentrations above the limit prescribed by the USFDA. The nearby agricultural activities and domestic waste may be the sources of high levels of heavy metals in the study area. Based on the potential human health risk indices, <i>Mugil cephalus Linnaeus</i> can be categorised as non-carcinogenic. The study underlines the significance of monitoring of the health status of aquatic organisms in Kadinamkulam estuary, and that of humans who may consume the estuarine fish. It is suggested that the use of pesticides and fertilizer in agricultural fields in the nearby areas be limited.</p>

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Heavy Metals Bioaccumulation in Mugil cephalus Linnaeus in Kadinamkulam Estuary, South India and Its Implications to Human Health

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月2日

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  • Sonu Sasidharan,
  • Vijaykumar Pattathil,
  • Jaya Divakaran Sarasamma

摘要

Heavy metal pollution in aquatic environment is a rising concern and for its assessment, aquatic organisms are often used as biomonitors. The present study investigates the distribution of heavy metals (Fe, Cr, Pb, Cu, Zn, and Cd) in the surface water, surface sediment, and selected tissues of edible fish Mugil cephalus Linnaeus, collected from Kadinamkulam estuary, South India. The hierarchy of heavy metals in the estuary water is found in the order Fe > Zn > Cd > Pb > Cu > Cr, and in the surface sediments, Fe > Zn > Cd > Cu > Cr > Pb. The study shows that Pb and Cr contents in the surface water are above the permissible limits prescribed by BIS 1982 and USEPA. This study reveals that heavy metals accumulated in fish tissue is in the order of liver > gill > muscle. The metal concentrations followed the sequence Fe > Zn > Pb > Cu > Cd > Cr. The heavy metals Zn, Cd, and Pb show concentrations above the limit prescribed by the USFDA. The nearby agricultural activities and domestic waste may be the sources of high levels of heavy metals in the study area. Based on the potential human health risk indices, Mugil cephalus Linnaeus can be categorised as non-carcinogenic. The study underlines the significance of monitoring of the health status of aquatic organisms in Kadinamkulam estuary, and that of humans who may consume the estuarine fish. It is suggested that the use of pesticides and fertilizer in agricultural fields in the nearby areas be limited.