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Key message <p>Identified and validated stable QTL for spike traits across 15 environments, promising candidate genes for thermotolerance and spike traits, novel KASP and gene-based markers, providing genomic resources for breeding high-yielding, heat-tolerant wheat.</p> Abstract <p>To unravel the genetic architecture of six spike traits under heat stress, we used a doubled haploid (DH) mapping&#xa0;population (177 lines), developed from a cross between a heat-sensitive cultivar (PBW343) and a heat-tolerant genotype (KSG1203). This DH population and the two parents were phenotyped for six spike traits under timely, late, and very late sown conditions, over three years and two locations (total 15 environments). Best linear unbiased estimates for each trait and a genetic map (5,710 SNP markers) were used for QTL mapping. A total of 51 QTL were detected under timely (17), late (10), and very late (18) sown conditions, with six QTL common across fifteen environments. These QTL explained phenotypic variation ranging from 7.1% (<i>QFf.ccsu-7B</i>) to 23.6% (<i>QSl.ccsu-6A</i>). All identified QTL were successfully integrated into the wheat physical map. A set of 14 stable, major QTL was validated in high-yielding DH lines and recommended for marker-assisted recurrent selection for wheat improvement in optimal/heat stress conditions. Several QTL co-localized with known genes responsible for important traits including grain yield (<i>TaGW2-B1</i>, <i>PI1-1B/WPI-1-1B</i>). Seventy heat-responsive candidate genes associated with 38 QTL were identified, which encode 33 distinct proteins. A KASP marker was developed for the floret fertility QTL (<i>QFf.ccsu-3A</i>), and gene-based functional SSR markers were developed for the five important candidate genes alongside the discovery of Indels and SNPs in seven candidate genes having a role in heat tolerance. The generated genomic resources could be used in future studies and to breed heat-tolerant, high-yielding wheat varieties and germplasm.</p>

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Investigations into genetic control of six spike traits with a focus on breeding for terminal heat stress tolerance in common wheat

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月23日

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  • Sourabh Kumar,
  • Sachin Kumar,
  • Vivudh Pratap Singh,
  • Hemant Sharma,
  • Kanwardeep Singh Rawale,
  • Sunil Kumar Bhatt,
  • Ramanathan Vairamani,
  • Kulvinder Singh Gill,
  • Harindra Singh Balyan

摘要

Key message

Identified and validated stable QTL for spike traits across 15 environments, promising candidate genes for thermotolerance and spike traits, novel KASP and gene-based markers, providing genomic resources for breeding high-yielding, heat-tolerant wheat.

Abstract

To unravel the genetic architecture of six spike traits under heat stress, we used a doubled haploid (DH) mapping population (177 lines), developed from a cross between a heat-sensitive cultivar (PBW343) and a heat-tolerant genotype (KSG1203). This DH population and the two parents were phenotyped for six spike traits under timely, late, and very late sown conditions, over three years and two locations (total 15 environments). Best linear unbiased estimates for each trait and a genetic map (5,710 SNP markers) were used for QTL mapping. A total of 51 QTL were detected under timely (17), late (10), and very late (18) sown conditions, with six QTL common across fifteen environments. These QTL explained phenotypic variation ranging from 7.1% (QFf.ccsu-7B) to 23.6% (QSl.ccsu-6A). All identified QTL were successfully integrated into the wheat physical map. A set of 14 stable, major QTL was validated in high-yielding DH lines and recommended for marker-assisted recurrent selection for wheat improvement in optimal/heat stress conditions. Several QTL co-localized with known genes responsible for important traits including grain yield (TaGW2-B1, PI1-1B/WPI-1-1B). Seventy heat-responsive candidate genes associated with 38 QTL were identified, which encode 33 distinct proteins. A KASP marker was developed for the floret fertility QTL (QFf.ccsu-3A), and gene-based functional SSR markers were developed for the five important candidate genes alongside the discovery of Indels and SNPs in seven candidate genes having a role in heat tolerance. The generated genomic resources could be used in future studies and to breed heat-tolerant, high-yielding wheat varieties and germplasm.