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Key message <p><i>GhABH</i> was fine-mapped to a stable multi-effect fiber QTL on chromosome A06 through KASP genotyping and RNA-seq analysis. SNPs in <i>GhABH</i> showed significant associations with fiber traits. <i>GhABH</i>-VIGS simultaneously enhanced fiber length, strength, and fineness by regulating cell wall thickness and helical growth. <i>Arabidopsis</i> overexpression lines exhibited shortened root hairs and reduced stem cell wall thickness. Transcriptome profiling of <i>GhABH</i>-silenced fibers implicated <i>GhNAC</i> and other candidate genes in the <i>GhABH</i> regulatory network.</p> Abstract <p>Cotton fiber strength (FS), length (FL), and fineness/micronaire (FM) are economically critical traits, yet the genetic basis for their coordinated regulation remains unclear. Here, we identified a stable quantitative trait locus (QTL) on chromosome A06 associated with both FS and FL. Using KASP markers in a 229-line F<sub>2:3</sub> population derived from the near-isogenic recombinant inbred lines <i>A</i><sub>dh</sub> (exhibiting long, strong fibers) and <i>A</i><sub>dl</sub> (with short, weak fibers), we fine-mapped the QTL to an interval of 11.41&#xa0;Mb containing 244 genes, including 16 genes differentially expressed during fiber development. Two candidate genes, <i>GhABH</i> and <i>GhMBF1c</i>, showed expression changes with distinct patterns during fiber development. Notably, single-nucleotide polymorphisms in <i>GhABH</i> showed significant associations with FS and FL, underscoring the relevance of this gene for fiber quality. Silencing <i>GhABH</i> in <i>A</i><sub>dh</sub> reduced the fiber diameter but enhanced helix formation and cell wall thickness, ultimately improving FL, FS, and fineness (i.e., reduction in FM). Conversely, <i>GhABH</i> overexpression in <i>Arabidopsis</i> led to shortened root hairs, thinner cell walls in the stem, and fewer vascular bundles. Transcriptomic analysis of <i>GhABH</i>-VIGS fibers revealed potential genes involved in the <i>GhABH</i> regulatory pathway. Collectively, the findings revealed that <i>GhABH</i> is a crucial regulator that simultaneously regulates FL, FS, and fineness and thus represents a promising target for molecular breeding to improve cotton fiber quality.</p>

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An alpha/beta-hydrolase-like gene (GhABH) is identified to be responsible for fiber quality from a multi-effect quantitative trait locus (QTL) on chromosome A06 of upland cotton

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月9日

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  • Sujun Zhang,
  • Jingyan Wei,
  • Liyuan Tang,
  • Cunjing Liu,
  • Xinghe Li,
  • Xiao Cai,
  • Haitao Wang,
  • Jianhong Zhang

摘要

Key message

GhABH was fine-mapped to a stable multi-effect fiber QTL on chromosome A06 through KASP genotyping and RNA-seq analysis. SNPs in GhABH showed significant associations with fiber traits. GhABH-VIGS simultaneously enhanced fiber length, strength, and fineness by regulating cell wall thickness and helical growth. Arabidopsis overexpression lines exhibited shortened root hairs and reduced stem cell wall thickness. Transcriptome profiling of GhABH-silenced fibers implicated GhNAC and other candidate genes in the GhABH regulatory network.

Abstract

Cotton fiber strength (FS), length (FL), and fineness/micronaire (FM) are economically critical traits, yet the genetic basis for their coordinated regulation remains unclear. Here, we identified a stable quantitative trait locus (QTL) on chromosome A06 associated with both FS and FL. Using KASP markers in a 229-line F2:3 population derived from the near-isogenic recombinant inbred lines Adh (exhibiting long, strong fibers) and Adl (with short, weak fibers), we fine-mapped the QTL to an interval of 11.41 Mb containing 244 genes, including 16 genes differentially expressed during fiber development. Two candidate genes, GhABH and GhMBF1c, showed expression changes with distinct patterns during fiber development. Notably, single-nucleotide polymorphisms in GhABH showed significant associations with FS and FL, underscoring the relevance of this gene for fiber quality. Silencing GhABH in Adh reduced the fiber diameter but enhanced helix formation and cell wall thickness, ultimately improving FL, FS, and fineness (i.e., reduction in FM). Conversely, GhABH overexpression in Arabidopsis led to shortened root hairs, thinner cell walls in the stem, and fewer vascular bundles. Transcriptomic analysis of GhABH-VIGS fibers revealed potential genes involved in the GhABH regulatory pathway. Collectively, the findings revealed that GhABH is a crucial regulator that simultaneously regulates FL, FS, and fineness and thus represents a promising target for molecular breeding to improve cotton fiber quality.