Background <p>Pulmonary manifestations occur in a&#xa0;wide range of multisystemic diseases and can affect the lung parenchyma, airways, vascular system, and respiratory musculature in various ways. In particular, severe and potentially life-threatening pulmonary complications are of major concern in systemic conditions such as immunological and hematological disorders. The increasing incidence of hematological, gastrointestinal, and hepatological diseases in recent years—driven in part by lifestyle factors in Western industrialized nations—highlights the growing clinical relevance of these entities and the need for a&#xa0;comprehensive understanding of their pulmonary manifestations. Additional diagnostic and therapeutic challenges arise from drug-induced lung injury and late complications of therapy, such as those following stem cell transplantation.</p> Results <p>High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) plays a&#xa0;pivotal role in this context. It allows for the early detection of characteristic pulmonary abnormalities and thus forms the basis for timely therapeutic intervention.</p> Conclusion <p>Targeted HRCT imaging is&#xa0;therefore crucial to improving clinical outcomes and preserving the quality of life in affected patients.</p>