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Background <p>Respiratory distress syndrome presenting with a&#xa0;“white lung” in X‑ray is rare in term infants; transitory tachypnea and other problems in the process of postnatal adaptation are much more frequent. This article presents three clinical pictures of diseases that can show a&#xa0;“white lung” and can be treated successfully when diagnosed early.</p> Case studies <p>Respiratory distress syndrome can sometimes occur in infants of diabetic mothers because hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia can cause a&#xa0;disorder in the production and function of surfactant.</p> <p>Total anomalous pulmonary venous return can cause life-threatening disease and the X‑ray can mimic respiratory distress syndrome. The “white lung”, however, is caused by venous obstruction in this disease.</p> <p>Congenital hypothyroidism can cause disorders of surfactant production due to mutation in the <i>thyroid transcription factor 1</i> (<i>TTF‑1</i>) gene which can lead to respiratory distress syndrome.</p> Discussion and conclusion <p>When a&#xa0;term infant presents with respiratory distress syndrome the diagnostics should include lung sonography and optionally an X‑ray. In cases of a&#xa0;“white lung” in sonography and&#xa0;X-ray surfactant therapy should be considered. In cases of a&#xa0;normal lung sonography a&#xa0;cardiac cause should be ruled out. An echocardiography can be lifesaving. Hypothyroidism can also lead to respiratory distress syndrome. The cases of the first two patients occurred before lung sonography was established in our unit. They demonstrate that lung sonography can give important information.</p>

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Atemnotsyndrom und weiße Lunge bei reifen Neugeborenen

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月8日

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  • Esther Rieger-Fackeldey

摘要

Background

Respiratory distress syndrome presenting with a “white lung” in X‑ray is rare in term infants; transitory tachypnea and other problems in the process of postnatal adaptation are much more frequent. This article presents three clinical pictures of diseases that can show a “white lung” and can be treated successfully when diagnosed early.

Case studies

Respiratory distress syndrome can sometimes occur in infants of diabetic mothers because hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia can cause a disorder in the production and function of surfactant.

Total anomalous pulmonary venous return can cause life-threatening disease and the X‑ray can mimic respiratory distress syndrome. The “white lung”, however, is caused by venous obstruction in this disease.

Congenital hypothyroidism can cause disorders of surfactant production due to mutation in the thyroid transcription factor 1 (TTF‑1) gene which can lead to respiratory distress syndrome.

Discussion and conclusion

When a term infant presents with respiratory distress syndrome the diagnostics should include lung sonography and optionally an X‑ray. In cases of a “white lung” in sonography and X-ray surfactant therapy should be considered. In cases of a normal lung sonography a cardiac cause should be ruled out. An echocardiography can be lifesaving. Hypothyroidism can also lead to respiratory distress syndrome. The cases of the first two patients occurred before lung sonography was established in our unit. They demonstrate that lung sonography can give important information.