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<p>Overweight and obesity among children and adolescents represent a&#xa0;growing global health and societal problem. The causes are multifactorial and include genetic predispositions, unhealthy lifestyle habits and an obesogenic environment. Families with lower socioeconomic status are disproportionately affected. In addition to individual health consequences, substantial economic burdens arise both during childhood and later in adulthood.</p><p>Preventative measures, such as intensive health-related behavioral and lifestyle interventions, are recommended from early childhood onwards. Key components include promoting physical activity (60–90 min daily), reduction of sedentary time and improving dietary quality. The evidence shows that combined interventions incorporating both physical activity and dietary measures, are more effective in the short term than isolated approaches; however, the long-term effects remain limited. Environmental preventive strategies, such as those implemented in schools or community settings, appear to be particularly promising but have so far rarely been sustainably applied in Germany.</p><p>A&#xa0;holistic public health approach, based on the health in all policies (HiAP) concept, holds potential for effectively reducing overweight in children and adolescents. Cross-sectoral strategies and complementary policy measures, such as a&#xa0;sugar tax and fostering health literacy in educational institutions, could represent critical steps forward. Enhanced networking among stakeholders and systematic health impact assessments of political initiatives are essential in this context. Innovative technologies and quality-assured programs could further support the sustainability and effectiveness of these measures.</p>

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Adipositas im Kindes- und Jugendalter – von individueller Prävention bis zu einem Health-in-All-Policies-Ansatz

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月6日

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  • Christine Joisten,
  • Peter von Philipsborn,
  • Dagmar Starke,
  • Alexander Woll,
  • Hagen Wulff

摘要

Overweight and obesity among children and adolescents represent a growing global health and societal problem. The causes are multifactorial and include genetic predispositions, unhealthy lifestyle habits and an obesogenic environment. Families with lower socioeconomic status are disproportionately affected. In addition to individual health consequences, substantial economic burdens arise both during childhood and later in adulthood.

Preventative measures, such as intensive health-related behavioral and lifestyle interventions, are recommended from early childhood onwards. Key components include promoting physical activity (60–90 min daily), reduction of sedentary time and improving dietary quality. The evidence shows that combined interventions incorporating both physical activity and dietary measures, are more effective in the short term than isolated approaches; however, the long-term effects remain limited. Environmental preventive strategies, such as those implemented in schools or community settings, appear to be particularly promising but have so far rarely been sustainably applied in Germany.

A holistic public health approach, based on the health in all policies (HiAP) concept, holds potential for effectively reducing overweight in children and adolescents. Cross-sectoral strategies and complementary policy measures, such as a sugar tax and fostering health literacy in educational institutions, could represent critical steps forward. Enhanced networking among stakeholders and systematic health impact assessments of political initiatives are essential in this context. Innovative technologies and quality-assured programs could further support the sustainability and effectiveness of these measures.