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<p>The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of iroko inner bark as a naturally occurring, pre-impregnated, unidirectional fibrous preform for producing added-value, biobased composite materials. To this end, the secondary phloem was separated from the rest of the bark and then consolidated using a hot compression moulding process similar to that employed for processing sheet moulding compounds (SMCs) in the composites industry. An experimental procedure was also employed to extract the latex from the secondary phloem. Thermal and FTIR analyses suggested that the latex was primarily composed of proteins and polyisoprenes. The microstructure of the resulting composites was characterised using synchrotron-based 3D X-ray computed tomography. 3D images revealed significant consolidation of the secondary phloem induced by the compression moulding process. To evaluate the practical interest of these composites in specific engineering applications, experiments were carried out to analyse their mechanical performance, surface wettability, and hygroscopic behaviour in environments with high relative humidity. Mechanical tests revealed significant anisotropy, with high longitudinal stiffness and strength inherited from their intricate quasi-ordered fibrous architecture. The proposed approach allows biobased composite materials with interesting end-use properties to be produced without the use of any supplementary oil-based resin matrix.</p>

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Compression moulding of Milicia excelsa inner bark: a way to obtain fully biobased fibre-reinforced composites from a waste material

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月20日

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  • Elie Firmin Kuate Elong Elong,
  • Florian Martoïa,
  • Achille Désiré Betené Omgba,
  • Pierre J. J. Dumont,
  • Salma Laajaj,
  • Elodie Boller,
  • Fabien Léonard,
  • Fabien Betené Ebanda,
  • Dydimus Nkemaja Efeze

摘要

The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of iroko inner bark as a naturally occurring, pre-impregnated, unidirectional fibrous preform for producing added-value, biobased composite materials. To this end, the secondary phloem was separated from the rest of the bark and then consolidated using a hot compression moulding process similar to that employed for processing sheet moulding compounds (SMCs) in the composites industry. An experimental procedure was also employed to extract the latex from the secondary phloem. Thermal and FTIR analyses suggested that the latex was primarily composed of proteins and polyisoprenes. The microstructure of the resulting composites was characterised using synchrotron-based 3D X-ray computed tomography. 3D images revealed significant consolidation of the secondary phloem induced by the compression moulding process. To evaluate the practical interest of these composites in specific engineering applications, experiments were carried out to analyse their mechanical performance, surface wettability, and hygroscopic behaviour in environments with high relative humidity. Mechanical tests revealed significant anisotropy, with high longitudinal stiffness and strength inherited from their intricate quasi-ordered fibrous architecture. The proposed approach allows biobased composite materials with interesting end-use properties to be produced without the use of any supplementary oil-based resin matrix.