Institutionelle Entwicklungslinien der Anti-Doping-Politik des Internationalen Olympischen Komitees: Historische und gegenwärtige Perspektiven
摘要
The use of performance-enhancing substances can be traced back to before the first modern Olympic Games were held. The International Olympic Committee (IOC), founded in 1894, issued its first guidelines on doping in 1938. These guidelines condemned doping and proposed the exclusion of athletes who consumed performance-enhancing substances. Since the 1960s, institutions dedicated to combating doping in sport have been continuously established. Regulations became more precise, and in 1968, doping controls were conducted for the first time at the Winter Olympics in Grenoble.
This article provides an overview of the development of the institutional anti-doping network, with a particular focus on the IOC’s Doping Subcommittee, the IOC Medical Commission (MC), the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA), the National Anti-Doping Agencies (NADAs), and the International Testing Agency (ITA). In addition, the article examines the current challenges facing the anti-doping network in connection with the privately organized “Enhanced Games,” in which doping is explicitly permitted.