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Background <p>Radiotherapy-induced head and neck cancer harms the structural and biochemical integrity of dentin and causes mineral loss, breakdown of collagen, and increased sensitivity to radiation-induced caries and restorative failure.</p> Objective <p>To evaluate the therapeutic effectiveness of nanohydroxyapatite (nHAp) and vitamin&#xa0;E—individually and in combination—for remineralization and collagen matrix preservation of irradiated dentin.</p> Methods <p>Forty human third molars (<i>n</i> = 8 per group) were allocated into five groups randomly: non-irradiated control, irradiation-only (60 Gy linear accelerator, LINAC), irradiation + nHAp treatment, irradiation + vitamin&#xa0;E treatment, and irradiation + combination treatment (nHAp + vitamin&#xa0;E). Dentin samples were analyzed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X‑ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X‑ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), and Vickers microhardness testing.</p> Results <p>Radiotherapy caused widespread microstructural loss and amide&#xa0;I and&#xa0;II band intensity decreases (mean of 41.3% and 47.7%, respectively) as well as a&#xa0;33% loss in crystallinity. The nHAp treatment recovered phosphate peak intensity to 82.1% of the control mean, and vitamin&#xa0;E retained amide&#xa0;I and&#xa0;II bands at 91.3% and 88.9% of the control means, respectively. The combined treatment achieved the best recovery, with the crystallinity returning to 89.5% of the control, near full recovery of the intensities of amide and phosphate bands, normalization of the Ca/P ratio, and microhardness values that were not significantly different from the non-irradiated control (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05).</p> Conclusion <p>Nanohydroxyapatite and vitamin&#xa0;E have synergistic actions, promoting organic as well as mineral phases of irradiated dentin. Their combined application significantly increases microhardness, chemical composition, and ultrastructure, promoting a&#xa0;double-therapy strategy for the restorative rehabilitation of head and neck cancer patients after radiotherapy.</p>

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Dual therapy with nanohydroxyapatite and vitamin E restores irradiated dentin via remineralization and collagen protection

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月10日

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  • Zahra Al Timimi

摘要

Background

Radiotherapy-induced head and neck cancer harms the structural and biochemical integrity of dentin and causes mineral loss, breakdown of collagen, and increased sensitivity to radiation-induced caries and restorative failure.

Objective

To evaluate the therapeutic effectiveness of nanohydroxyapatite (nHAp) and vitamin E—individually and in combination—for remineralization and collagen matrix preservation of irradiated dentin.

Methods

Forty human third molars (n = 8 per group) were allocated into five groups randomly: non-irradiated control, irradiation-only (60 Gy linear accelerator, LINAC), irradiation + nHAp treatment, irradiation + vitamin E treatment, and irradiation + combination treatment (nHAp + vitamin E). Dentin samples were analyzed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X‑ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X‑ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), and Vickers microhardness testing.

Results

Radiotherapy caused widespread microstructural loss and amide I and II band intensity decreases (mean of 41.3% and 47.7%, respectively) as well as a 33% loss in crystallinity. The nHAp treatment recovered phosphate peak intensity to 82.1% of the control mean, and vitamin E retained amide I and II bands at 91.3% and 88.9% of the control means, respectively. The combined treatment achieved the best recovery, with the crystallinity returning to 89.5% of the control, near full recovery of the intensities of amide and phosphate bands, normalization of the Ca/P ratio, and microhardness values that were not significantly different from the non-irradiated control (p > 0.05).

Conclusion

Nanohydroxyapatite and vitamin E have synergistic actions, promoting organic as well as mineral phases of irradiated dentin. Their combined application significantly increases microhardness, chemical composition, and ultrastructure, promoting a double-therapy strategy for the restorative rehabilitation of head and neck cancer patients after radiotherapy.