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<p>The propagation properties of electron acoustic waves (EAWs) in a plasma medium containing stationary ions, regularized kappa-distributed electrons, and a streaming electron beam are investigated. Using the reductive perturbation technique (RPT), a nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLSE) governing the wave dynamics is derived. The analytical solutions, including bright and dark solitons, Akhmediev, Peregrine, and Kuznetsov–Ma breathers, as well as first-, second-, and third-order rogue waves, are calculated. A distinctive result of the present study is the examination of the existence of both bright and dark solitons at lower values of <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\kappa \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi>κ</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. In addition it is found that the soliton widths decrease as <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\kappa \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi>κ</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> increases. These findings provide a useful insight into nonlinear wave activity in magnetospheric environments.</p>

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Breather waves in a beam plasma with regularized kappa-distributed electrons

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月4日

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  • A. A. El-Tantawy,
  • W. F. El-Taibany,
  • S. K. El-Labany,
  • A. M. Abdelghany

摘要

The propagation properties of electron acoustic waves (EAWs) in a plasma medium containing stationary ions, regularized kappa-distributed electrons, and a streaming electron beam are investigated. Using the reductive perturbation technique (RPT), a nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLSE) governing the wave dynamics is derived. The analytical solutions, including bright and dark solitons, Akhmediev, Peregrine, and Kuznetsov–Ma breathers, as well as first-, second-, and third-order rogue waves, are calculated. A distinctive result of the present study is the examination of the existence of both bright and dark solitons at lower values of \(\kappa \) κ . In addition it is found that the soliton widths decrease as \(\kappa \) κ increases. These findings provide a useful insight into nonlinear wave activity in magnetospheric environments.