<p>This paper deals with the Neumann initial-boundary value problem for the chemotaxis-SIS epidemic model with nonlinear incidence rate <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="33_2025_2476_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="138" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\beta (x)u^pv^q\ (p, q&gt;0)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>β</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <msup> <mi>u</mi> <mi>p</mi> </msup> <msup> <mi>v</mi> <mi>q</mi> </msup> <mspace width="4pt" /> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>p</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>q</mi> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation><Equation ID="Equ45"> <MediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="33_2025_2476_Article_Equ45.gif" Format="GIF" Height="64" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="476" /> </MediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\begin{aligned} \left\{ \begin{array}{ll} u_t=d_1\Delta u+\chi \nabla \cdot (u\nabla v)-\beta (x)u^pv^q+\gamma (x)v,~~\ \ \ &amp; x \in \Omega ,\ t&gt;0,\\[2ex] v_t=d_2\Delta v+\beta (x)u^pv^q-\gamma (x)v,~~\ \ \ &amp; x \in \Omega ,\ t&gt;0 \end{array} \right. \end{aligned}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="right"> <mfenced open="{"> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <msub> <mi>u</mi> <mi>t</mi> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>d</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mi>u</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>χ</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">∇</mi> <mo>·</mo> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">∇</mi> <mi>v</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mi>β</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <msup> <mi>u</mi> <mi>p</mi> </msup> <msup> <mi>v</mi> <mi>q</mi> </msup> <mo>+</mo> <mi>γ</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mi>v</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="3.33333pt" /> <mspace width="3.33333pt" /> <mspace width="4pt" /> <mspace width="4pt" /> <mspace width="4pt" /> </mrow> </mtd> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <mi>x</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="4pt" /> <mi>t</mi> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <mrow /> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mi>e</mi> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">]</mo> </mrow> <msub> <mi>v</mi> <mi>t</mi> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>d</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mi>v</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>β</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <msup> <mi>u</mi> <mi>p</mi> </msup> <msup> <mi>v</mi> <mi>q</mi> </msup> <mo>-</mo> <mi>γ</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mi>v</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="3.33333pt" /> <mspace width="3.33333pt" /> <mspace width="4pt" /> <mspace width="4pt" /> <mspace width="4pt" /> </mrow> </mtd> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <mi>x</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="4pt" /> <mi>t</mi> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </mfenced> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </Equation>in a smooth bounded domain <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="33_2025_2476_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="113" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\Omega \subset \mathbb {R}^n\ (n \ge 1)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mo>⊂</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>n</mi> </msup> <mspace width="4pt" /> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>n</mi> <mo>≥</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, where <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="33_2025_2476_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="17" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="106" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(d_1&gt; 0,\ d_2 &gt; 0\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi>d</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="4pt" /> <msub> <mi>d</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="33_2025_2476_Article_IEq4.gif" Format="GIF" Height="17" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="45" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\chi \in \mathbb {R}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>χ</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="33_2025_2476_Article_IEq5.gif" Format="GIF" Height="20" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="112" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(0 &lt; \beta \in C^1(\overline{\Omega }),\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mn>0</mn> <mo>&lt;</mo> <mi>β</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <msup> <mi>C</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mover> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mo>¯</mo> </mover> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="33_2025_2476_Article_IEq6.gif" Format="GIF" Height="20" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="106" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\( 0&lt;\gamma \in C^1(\overline{\Omega })\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mn>0</mn> <mo>&lt;</mo> <mi>γ</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <msup> <mi>C</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mover> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mo>¯</mo> </mover> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. We prove that the problem admits a unique global classical solution if <InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="33_2025_2476_Article_IEq7.gif" Format="GIF" Height="20" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="183" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\( (u_0, v_0) \in L^{\infty }(\Omega ) \times L^1(\Omega )\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msub> <mi>u</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>v</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>∈</mo> <msup> <mi>L</mi> <mi>∞</mi> </msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>×</mo> <msup> <mi>L</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is suitably small and <InlineEquation ID="IEq8"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="33_2025_2476_Article_IEq8.gif" Format="GIF" Height="21" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="213" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\Vert v_0\Vert _{L^{\infty }(\Omega )} + \Vert \nabla v_0\Vert _{L^{m}(\Omega )}\le K\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">‖</mo> </mrow> <msub> <mi>v</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">‖</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <msup> <mi>L</mi> <mi>∞</mi> </msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">‖</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">∇</mi> <msub> <mi>v</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">‖</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <msup> <mi>L</mi> <mi>m</mi> </msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </msub> <mo>≤</mo> <mi>K</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> for each <InlineEquation ID="IEq9"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="33_2025_2476_Article_IEq9.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="48" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(K&gt;0\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>K</mi> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and <InlineEquation ID="IEq10"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="33_2025_2476_Article_IEq10.gif" Format="GIF" Height="11" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="51" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(m&gt;n\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>m</mi> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mi>n</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. Moreover, we establish the large time behavior of small-data solutions.</p>

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Global smooth solutions of the chemotaxis-SIS epidemic model with nonlinear incidence rate

  • Meng Yan

摘要

This paper deals with the Neumann initial-boundary value problem for the chemotaxis-SIS epidemic model with nonlinear incidence rate \(\beta (x)u^pv^q\ (p, q>0)\) β ( x ) u p v q ( p , q > 0 ) \(\begin{aligned} \left\{ \begin{array}{ll} u_t=d_1\Delta u+\chi \nabla \cdot (u\nabla v)-\beta (x)u^pv^q+\gamma (x)v,~~\ \ \ & x \in \Omega ,\ t>0,\\[2ex] v_t=d_2\Delta v+\beta (x)u^pv^q-\gamma (x)v,~~\ \ \ & x \in \Omega ,\ t>0 \end{array} \right. \end{aligned}\) u t = d 1 Δ u + χ · ( u v ) - β ( x ) u p v q + γ ( x ) v , x Ω , t > 0 , [ 2 e x ] v t = d 2 Δ v + β ( x ) u p v q - γ ( x ) v , x Ω , t > 0 in a smooth bounded domain \(\Omega \subset \mathbb {R}^n\ (n \ge 1)\) Ω R n ( n 1 ) , where \(d_1> 0,\ d_2 > 0\) d 1 > 0 , d 2 > 0 , \(\chi \in \mathbb {R}\) χ R , \(0 < \beta \in C^1(\overline{\Omega }),\) 0 < β C 1 ( Ω ¯ ) , and \( 0<\gamma \in C^1(\overline{\Omega })\) 0 < γ C 1 ( Ω ¯ ) . We prove that the problem admits a unique global classical solution if \( (u_0, v_0) \in L^{\infty }(\Omega ) \times L^1(\Omega )\) ( u 0 , v 0 ) L ( Ω ) × L 1 ( Ω ) is suitably small and \(\Vert v_0\Vert _{L^{\infty }(\Omega )} + \Vert \nabla v_0\Vert _{L^{m}(\Omega )}\le K\) v 0 L ( Ω ) + v 0 L m ( Ω ) K for each \(K>0\) K > 0 and \(m>n\) m > n . Moreover, we establish the large time behavior of small-data solutions.